泰和乌鸡“南种北繁”生长性能、屠宰性能和肉品质改良研究  

Study on growth performance,slaughter performance and meat quality improvement of Taihe black chicken“southern varieties breed in the northern”

作　　者：段坤 王述柏[2] 韩梦 张倩 庄传东 齐晓楠 史雪萍[2] 毕慧娟 初欢欢 DUAN Kun;WANG Shubai;HAN Meng;ZHANG Qian;ZHUANG Chuandong;QI Xiaonan;SHI Xueping;BI Huijuan;CHU Huanhuan(Yantai Land Animal Husbandry Co.,Ltd.,Haiyang 265100,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,China;Qingdao Yiyihe Agri-pastoral Technology Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266109,China)

机构地区：[1]烟台大地牧业股份有限公司,山东海阳265100 [2]青岛农业大学动物科技学院,山东青岛266109 [3]青岛奕奕和农牧科技有限公司,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2022年第10期49-54,共6页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：2017年山东省农业良种工程(南种北繁)项目(2017LZN046);山东省现代农业产业技术体系家禽产业创新团队建设项目(SDAIT-11-14);山东省肉鸡良种繁育及健康养殖工程实验室研究课题;山东省肉种鸡孵化工程技术研究中心研究课题。

摘　　要：为了研究泰和乌鸡“南种北繁”生长性能、屠宰性能和肉品质改良,试验以泰和乌鸡纯繁鸡为TT对照组,泰和乌鸡(♂)×德化黑鸡(♀)杂交F1代鸡为TD试验组,泰和乌鸡(♂)与隐性白羽肉鸡(♀)杂交F1代鸡为TY试验组,在相同饲养条件下饲养14周,研究比较不同组别的体尺指标(体斜长、龙骨长、胸围、胫围、胸角、胸宽、胸深和胫长)、屠宰性能指标(屠体重、半净膛重、全净膛重、翅重、腿重、胸肌重、半净膛率、全净膛率、翅比率、腿比率、胸肌率)和胸肌中氨基酸和脂肪酸含量。结果表明:TD试验组保留了“乌脚、乌皮”的性状;TY试验组母鸡保留了“乌脚、乌皮”的性状;与TT对照组公鸡比较,TD与TY试验组公鸡体重及体斜长、龙骨长、胸角、胸深、胫长、胫围和屠体重、半净膛重、全净膛重、翅重、腿重、胸肌重均显著提高(P<0.05);TY试验组公鸡胸肌中必需氨基酸组氨酸及饱和脂肪酸C14∶0、C16∶0和不饱和脂肪酸C16∶1、C18∶1n9、C18∶3n3、C20∶1n9、C20∶2均显著提高(P<0.05)。与TT对照组母鸡比较,TD与TY试验组母鸡体重、体斜长、胸深、胫长、胫围和屠体重、半净膛重、全净膛重、翅重、腿重、胸肌重、半净堂率均显著提高(P<0.05);TD试验组母鸡胸肌中必需氨基酸组氨酸含量显著提高(P<0.05);TY试验组母鸡胸肌中组氨酸、丝氨酸、蛋氨酸、谷氨酸及饱和脂肪酸C14∶0和不饱和脂肪酸C16∶1、C20∶2、C20∶3n6含量均显著提高(P<0.05)。说明泰和乌鸡(♂)与德化黑鸡(♀)杂交和泰和乌鸡(♂)与隐性白羽肉鸡(♀)杂交均使泰和乌鸡“南种北繁”种质性状不同程度得以保留,且生产性能得到提高,肉品质得到改良。In order to investigate growth performance,slaughter performance and meat quality improvement of Taihe black chicken“southern va⁃rieties breed in the northern”,pure bred chicks of Taihe black chicken were used as TT control group,the F1 hybrid of Taihe black chicken(♂)and Dehua black chicken(♀)were used as TD test group,and the F1 hybrid of Taihe black chicken(♂)and Recessive white chicken(♀)were used as TY test group.Experimental animals were fed for 14 weeks under the same conditions.Indexes of body measurements(body oblique length,keel length,chest circumference,shank circumference,chest angle,chest width,chest depth and shank length),slaughter performance indexes(carcass weight,half net weight,full net weight,wing weight,leg weight,chest muscle weight,half carcass rate,whole carcass rate,wing ratio,leg ratio and breast muscle ratio)and the contents of amino acids and fatty acids in pectoral meat in different groups were studied and compared.The results showed that the chickens in the TD test group retained the characters of“black foot,black skin”.The hens in the TY test group retained the characters of“black foot,black skin”.Compared with the roosters in the TT control group,the indexes of body measurements(the body weight,body oblique length,chest angle,chest depth,shank length,and shank circumference)and the slaugh⁃ter performance indexes(carcass weight,half net weight,full net weight,wing weight,leg weight and pectoral muscle weight)of the cocks were significantly increased(P<0.05)in the TD and TY groups;the essential amino acid(histidine),saturated fatty acid(C14∶0,C16∶0)and unsaturated fatty acid(C16∶1,C18∶1n9,C18∶3n3,C20∶1n9,C20∶2)in breast muscle in the TY experimental group were significant⁃ly increased(P<0.05).Compared with the hens in the TT control group,the indexes of body measurements(the body weight,body oblique length,chest depth,shank length,and shank circumference)and the slaughter performance indexes(carcass weight,half net weight,full net weight,wing

关 键 词：泰和乌鸡 杂交 屠宰性能 肉品质 体尺指标 必需氨基酸 

分 类 号：S831.89[农业科学—畜牧学]