企业职业教育办学职责研究:基于新职业教育法的规定  

Research on the Responsibilities of Enterprise School-Running in Vocational Education:Based on the Provisions of the New Vocational Education Law

作　　者：陆宇正 LU Yuzheng(Tianjin University,Tianjin 300350)

机构地区：[1]天津大学,天津300350

出　　处：《当代职业教育》2022年第4期4-13,共10页Contemporary Vocational Education

基　　金：教育部职业教育发展中心2022年度基本科研业务费专项基金课题“职业院校学情学力调查”(编号:ZG202203)。

摘　　要：新修订的《中华人民共和国职业教育法》强化了企业作为职业教育重要办学主体的法律地位,使企业的办学职责日益成为职业教育改革中不容忽视的研究议题。企业在职业教育办学过程中呈现经济性、社会性、公益性的属性特征,并扮演着“追逐者”“合伙人”“智囊团”等身份角色。新职业教育法将权利与义务、奖励与惩罚、助力与阻力三大范畴引入相关规定,为企业的职业教育办学行为编制了一张系统的激励网络,成为企业办学职责的有效承载工具。然而,法律的理性判断并非总保持中性价值,相关规定的有利面虽显而易见,但规定落地后产生的潜在挑战更需引发思考,即质量型条文、适配型制度、约束型条例在一定程度上可能造成企业逆反效应,挫伤企业办学热情。因此,需从目标引导、模式完善、制度推进与评价设计四个方面保障企业办学职责的履行,以便把握好企业在职业教育办学实践中的发展方向。The new Vocational Education Law of the People’s Republic of China has strengthened the legal status of enterprise as an important school-running subject of vocational education. It makes the school-running responsibilities of enterprises increasingly become a research topic that cannot be ignored in vocational education reform. In the process of running vocational education, enterprises show economic, social and public welfare characteristics, and play the role of "chaser", "partner", "think tank", and other identity roles. The new Vocational Education Law introduces three categories of rights and obligations, rewards and punishments, assistance and resistance into the relevant provisions, and compiles a systematic incentive network for the behavior of enterprises school-running in vocational education, which has become an effective carrying tool for the responsibility of enterprise school-running. However, the rational judgment of the law does not always maintain neutral values.Although the advantages of the relevant provisions are obvious, the potential challenges arising from the implementation of the provisions need to be considered. That is, quality-based provisions, adaptive systems, and binding regulations may cause enterprises to negatively affect and frustrate their enthusiasm for running school to a certain extent. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure the performance of the responsibilities of enterprises school-running from four aspects: goal guidance, model improvement, system promotion and evaluation design, so as to grasp the development direction of enterprises in the practice of vocational education.

关 键 词：职业教育 新职业教育法 法律职责 企业办学 产教融合 

分 类 号：G710[文化科学—职业技术教育学]