“离子迁移”实验的改进及其实验条件优化  

Improvement of“Ion Migration”Experiment and Optimization of Experimental Conditions

作　　者：邓逸晨 蒋大川 苏林 张艳华[1] 伏劲松[1] 王乾坤 DENG Yi-Chen;JIANG Da-Chuan;SU Lin;ZHANG Yan-Hua;FU Jin-Song;WANG Qian-Kun(College of Chemistry and Materials Science,Sichuan Normal University,Chengdu 610066,China;Sichuan Mianyang Puming Middle School,Mianyang 621000,China;Chengdu Longquan No.2 Middle School,Chengdu 610100,China)

机构地区：[1]四川师范大学化学与材料科学学院,四川成都610066 [2]四川省绵阳普明中学,四川绵阳621000 [3]成都龙泉第二中学校,四川成都610100

出　　处：《化学教育（中英文）》2022年第13期109-113,共5页Chinese Journal of Chemical Education

基　　金：四川省教育厅重点项目“中学化学“实”“人”对话实验学习法研究及应用”(项目编号:18SA0201)。

摘　　要：针对“离子迁移”实验中实验现象不明显、实验操作难度大的问题。采用将CuSO_(4)、K_(2)CrO_(4)与淀粉加工成热的糊状流体,趁热装入U型管,冷却后变成半固体的方法,解决了上述问题。并采用单因素实验法对淀粉的用量、CuSO_(4)与K_(2)CrO_(4)混合物的用量(CuSO_(4)与K_(2)CrO_(4)物质的量之比为1∶1)以及迁移电压等实验条件进行优化。优化后的实验结果显示,离子迁移后形成的区域颜色与半固体淀粉的颜色差别很大,便于学生远距离识别。该方法操作简单、现象明显,有利于一线教师的教学演示和学生的分组实验。Aiming at the problems that the experimental phenomenon was not obvious and the experimental operation was difficult in the“ion migration”experiment.The above problems were solved by processing CuSO_(4),K_(2)CrO_(4)and starch into hot paste fluid,loading into U-shaped pipe while hot,and turning into semi-solid after cooling.The amount of starch,the amount of CuSO_(4)and K_(2)CrO_(4)mixture(the ratio of CuSO_(4)to K_(2)CrO_(4)was 1∶1)and the migration voltage were optimized by single factor experiment.The optimized experimental results showed that the color of the area formed after ion migration was very different from that of semi-solid starch,which was convenient for students to identify from a long distance.This method was simple and with obvious phenomena,which was conducive to the teaching demonstration of front-line teachers and the grouping experiment of students.

关 键 词：离子迁移 淀粉 CuSO_(4)与K_(2)CrO_(4) 界面清晰 条件优化 

分 类 号：G633.8[文化科学—教育学]