四种情境中幼儿情绪表达规则理解和运用的追踪研究  

A Longitudinal Study on Children’s Understanding and Application of Emotional Expression Rules in Four Situations

作　　者：王军利 文彦茹 林艺 卢英俊[4] WANG Jun-li;WEN Yan-ru;LIN Yi;LU Ying-jun(Faculty of Education,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin 541004,China;Guangxi Research Center for National Education Development,Guilin 541004,China;Teaching Practice Center of Guilin Tourism University,Guilin 541006,China;Lab of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience,Zhejiang Normal University,Hangzhou 310012,China)

机构地区：[1]广西师范大学教育学部,桂林541004 [2]广西民族教育发展研究中心,桂林541004 [3]桂林旅游学院教学实践中心,桂林541006 [4]浙江师范大学发展认知神经科学实验室,杭州310012

出　　处：《应用心理学》2022年第4期344-351,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied Psychology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金教育学青年项目“幼儿在六种基本情绪情境中情绪表达规则认知发展的追踪研究”(CHA150177)系列论文之一;广西民族教育发展研究中心2021年度课题(2021MJYB002);广西研究生教育创新计划项目(YCSW2021107)。

摘　　要：采用纵向设计,研究幼儿从4岁到6岁在四种情境中的情绪表达规则理解和运用。发现:(1)厌恶情境中知识水平最高,社会定向目标发展先快后慢,多用掩饰策略;高兴情境中自我定向目标迅速发展,多用平静化和弱化策略;伤心情境中综合运用多种策略,生气情境中知识水平最低,为自我保护而少用弱化策略。(2)幼儿的知识和夸大策略迅速增长,两种目标发展因情境而异,弱化策略发展因性别而异。(3)可以很好地解释前人研究的一些争议。By using a longitudinal design,a total of 60 children from the age of 4 to 6 were examined on the development of understanding and use of emotional expression rules in four situations.The results showed that:(1)The level of knowledge is the highest in the aversion situation,the development of social orientation goals is the fastest and then slows down,and more concealment strategies are used;Self-directed goals develop rapidly in the happy situations,and calming and weakening strategies are adopted;In the sad situations,a variety of strategies are used comprehensively.In the angry situations,the knowledge level is the lowest,and weakening strategies are rarely used for self-protection.(2)Children’s knowledge of emotional expression rules and exaggeration strategies are growing rapidly.The development of emotional expression goals varies from situation to situation,the development of weakening strategies varies with gender,and there is no age difference in concealment and calming strategies.(3)It can well explain some previous disputes about gender differences.

关 键 词：幼儿 情绪表达规则 追踪研究 情绪情境 

分 类 号：B844.12[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]