装载机驾驶室非线性减振系统试验与优化  

Test and Optimization of Nonlinear Vibration Reduction Systems for Loader Cabs

作　　者：章新[1] 睢志伟 李占龙[1] 秦园 王瑶[1] 董荻 赵钧铎 ZHANG Xin;SUI Zhiwei;LI Zhanlong;QIN Yuan;WANG Yao;DONG Di;ZHAO Junduo(School of Mechanical Engineering,Taiyuan University of Science and Technology,Taiyuan,030024)

机构地区：[1]太原科技大学机械工程学院,太原030024

出　　处：《中国机械工程》2022年第13期1529-1536,共8页China Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51805347);中国博士后科学基金(2019M661058)。

摘　　要：以某型装载机驾驶室减振系统为研究对象,通过优化解决了驾驶室振动过大和驾驶舒适性差的问题。以实测的车架振动信号为输入激励,根据驾驶室实际结构简化了驾驶室-座椅-人体的非线性减振系统模型,驾驶室和座椅的垂向振动加速度均方根值的模型输出值和实车试验值最大误差不超过6%。以驾驶室和座椅的垂向加速度均方根值为目标,使用遗传算法进行多目标优化,将优化结果代入模型来验证优化前后的驾驶室与座椅的减振性能。实车试验表明,改进后驾驶室垂向加速度的均方根值减小16%,座椅垂向加速度的均方根值减小53%。Taking the vibration damping system of a loader cab as the research object,the problems of excessive cab vibrations and poor driving comfort were solved by optimization.Firstly,the measured frame vibration signals were used as the input excitation,and the nonlinear vibration damping system model of cab-seat-human body was simplified according to the actual structure of the cabs.The maximum root-mean-square values of vertical vibration acceleration of cab and seat outputs by the model and the actual vehicle test is less than 6%.Then,the root-mean-square values of vertical acceleration of cab and seat were taken as the objectives,and the genetic algorithm was used for multi-objective optimization.Finally,the optimization results were substituted into the model to verify the vibration reduction performance of cab and seat before and after optimization.The real vehicle tests show that the root-mean-square values of vertical acceleration of cabs are reduced as 16%and that of seat are reduced as 53%after improvement.

关 键 词：装载机 驾驶室 减振 优化 遗传算法 

分 类 号：U461.4[机械工程—车辆工程]