无人机辅助下空地协同组网与传输优化方法  

UAV-assisted Aerial-ground Cooperative Networking and Transmission Optimization Method

作　　者：闫雅晴 周建山[1] 段续庭[1] 田大新[1] YAN Yaqing;ZHOU Jianshan;DUAN Xuting;TIAN Daxin(School of Transportation Science and Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学交通科学与工程学院,北京100191

出　　处：《无人系统技术》2022年第3期97-105,共9页Unmanned Systems Technology

基　　金：博士后创新人才支持计划(BX2021027);中国博士后科学基金(2020M680299);国家自然科学基金(61822101,U20A20155);牛顿高级学者基金(62061130221);北京市自然科学基金(L191001);智能交通技术交通运输行业重点实验室开放基金课题(F20211746)。

摘　　要：无人机辅助空地协同组网通信技术在军民两个领域有着广阔应用前景,是世界发达国家空天领域争相发展的战略前瞻性技术,然而强通信拒止环境以及密集网络节点竞争频谱资源对空地协同网络性能带来严峻挑战。针对无人机飞行空域受限和频谱资源有限的空地协同组网传输场景,提出无人机移动性与空地协同传输的联合优化方法。首先,建立空中无人机和地面运动节点的移动性模型、空地协同组网传输的物理信道模型以及空地节点的能耗模型;然后,综合考虑无人机飞行运动控制的边界约束、飞行空域约束、频谱资源约束以及空地协同网络传输需求,构建以系统能耗最小化为目标的非线性规划模型,进而基于序列凸逼近算法实现模型求解,从而获得无人机飞行控制、频谱时空资源分配比率、空地协同传输功率的联合优化方案。仿真结果表明,所提出的联合优化方法与传统的等时长中继方法和完全中继方法相比,平均能耗降低约11.77%~43.50%,有效提高了空地协同网络系统的能量和频谱资源使用效益,有力地支撑无人机辅助下空地协同组网和高能效传输应用场景。Aerial-ground cooperative networks(AGCNs) assisted by unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs) have broad application prospects in both military and civil domains.It is a kind of prospective strategic technology in the field of aeronautics and astronautics in developed countries around the world.However,communication-denied environments and nodes’ serious competition for accessing a limited spectrum can pose a great challenge to the network.Hence,a joint optimization method is proposed,which improves both the UAV mobility and cooperative air-to-ground(A2G) communications.First,the mobility model of the air and ground nodes,the physical channel model of wireless links,and the energy consumption model are formulated,respectively.Then,a nonlinear programming model is proposed by incorporating the boundary constraints on the UAV’s control,feasible airspace,spectrum resources,and transmission data rate.This model jointly optimizes the UAV flight control,spectrum space-time resource allocation,and transmission power,aiming to minimize the system energy consumption.A sequential convex approximation algorithm is employed to solve the model.Finally,the simulation results show that the joint optimization method can reduce the energy consumption by about 11.77% to 43.50% on average compared to the traditional equal-duration relay and the full-relay methods.The proposed method can improve the utilization of energy and spectrum resources and thus efficiently support the deployment of UAV-assisted AGCNs.

关 键 词：空地协同网络 无人机 协作通信 频谱感知 功率优化 轨迹优化 资源调度 

分 类 号：V279[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]