中国板栗主产区果实后熟期可溶性固形物含量变化特征研究  

Study on the Variation Characteristics of Soluble Solid Content in Chestnut at Post-ripening Stage in Chinese Main Producing Areas

作　　者：李颖[1] 郭燕[1] 张馨方[1] 张树航[1] 王广鹏[1] LI Ying;GUO Yan;ZHANG Xinfang;ZHANG Shuhang;WANG Guangpeng(Changli Institute of Pomology,Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Changli 066600,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院昌黎果树研究所,河北昌黎066600

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第4期655-662,共8页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划项目(21326304D-3);河北省自然科学基金项目(C2020301053)。

摘　　要：【目的】解析板栗后熟过程中可溶性固形物含量(soluble solid content,SSC)的变化特征,为明确不同品种的最佳食用期提供参考。【方法】以中国10个板栗主产区的150个品种(系)为对象,对采收后后熟期的果实SSC相关指标进行监测,比较各品种指标差异并进行因子分析。【结果】(1)板栗SSC变化在后熟期可分为2个阶段,其一是迅速增长阶段(采收后0~20 d),平均上升速率为51.52%,是SSC积累高峰期;其二是缓慢增长阶段(采收后21~60 d),平均上升速率为10.98%。(2)板栗SSC峰值范围为18.35%~31.59%,成熟时北方板栗品种SSC略低于南方品种,但北方板栗品种SSC在后熟期增长速率更快、持续时间更长,峰值含量也普遍高于南方品种,尤以河北燕山板栗表现最为明显。(3)筛选获得高甜、早甜的板栗品种资源15份,可作为优良育种亲本或优异种质在板栗糖类遗传改良中加以利用。【结论】本研究明确了板栗后熟过程中SSC的变化特点,为板栗风味、货架期和食用期的科学评价提供了参考,并筛选出早甜、高甜的板栗资源作为优良育种材料。[Purpose]To analyze the variation characteristics of soluble solid content(SSC)in chestnut during post-ripening,and provide reference for identifing the optimal edible period of different varieties.[Methods]The related indexes of SSC in fruits during post-ripening stage after harvest of 150 varieties(lines)from 10 Chinese main producing areas were detected,to compare their various indicators combining with factor score linear analysis.[Results]1)The change of SSC in chestnut could be divided into two stages at post-ripening,one was the rapid growth stage(0-20 days after harvest)with an average increase rate of 51.52%,which was the peak period of SSC accumulation;the other one was the slow growth stage(21-60 days after harvest)with an average increase rate of 10.98%.2)The peak range of SSC of chestnut was 18.35%-31.59%.At maturity,the SSC of northern chestnut varieties was slightly lower than that of southern varieties,but the SSC of northern chest-nut varieties increased faster and longer at late maturity,and the peak content was generally higher than that of southern varieties,especially Yanshan chestnut in Hebei Province.3)A total of 15 high-sweet and early-sweet chestnut varieties were screened,which could be used as excellent breeding parents or excellent germplasms for improving the sugar genetic traits of chestnut.[Conclusion]The variation characteristics of SSC in the post-ripening stage of chestnut provide a reference for the eval-uation of chestnut flavour,shelf life and edible period,and 15 excellent germplasms were screened out.

关 键 词：板栗 后熟期 可溶性固形物 

分 类 号：S664.2[农业科学—果树学]