表面增强拉曼散射光谱新型基底及其在环境微生物分析中的应用研究进展  

Progress of new substrates of surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy and its application in the analysis of environmental microorganisms

作　　者：杨泽帆 陈颖欣 黄晓桐 袁勇 周丽华 YANG Zefan;CHEN Yingxin;HUANG Xiaotong;YUAN Yong;ZHOU Lihua(School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China;School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]广东工业大学生物医药学院,广州510006 [2]广东工业大学环境科学与工程学院,广州510006

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2022年第3期796-804,共9页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21876032)资助。

摘　　要：表面增强拉曼散射(Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering,SERS)光谱作为一种新型的快速分析技术,在灵敏度、分辨率、重现性等方面的进一步提高及应用领域的不断扩大,主要取决于该技术的核心组成部分基底的发展,新型基底研究一直是该技术领域的热点之一.从基底组成类型出发,围绕SERS增强机理(电磁增强与化学增强),综述近几年零维(0D)纳米胶体与颗粒、一维(1D)纳米棒、二维(2D)平面载体与三维(3D)立体载体作为新型基底材料的研究进展,对典型材料的结构特性、拉曼增强机理、优缺点、性能优化方法及应用等进行分析和对比;介绍SERS及相关联用技术在环境微生物分析中的应用进展.SERS通过材料维度的增加及形状的改变而增加基底的稳定性,改善其检测“热点”的均匀度,提高获得的谱图重现性;SERS通过基底材料的功能化修饰进一步提高其检测的特异性;SERS通过与微流控、稳定同位素标记、机器学习等联用提高其对复杂样品的检测能力,从而使其在环境微生物的鉴别、分类、监测等方面发挥着不可替代的作用.由于环境微生物种类繁多,个体组成与取样环境复杂,非目标物质干扰较多,环境微生物SERS谱图目前仍在一定程度上存在重现性差、分辨率低等问题,SERS对微生物的定性准确度有待提高,定量分析有待突破.另外,SERS在环境微生物群感效应研究及微生物膜动态分析应用相对较少.构建具有高特异性识别能力和高密度“热点”的新型基底,并联用高效分离纯化技术、原位杂交技术、化学计量学及人工智能等技术,将进一步激发SERS在环境微生物分析中的应用潜力.(图2表1参80)Surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)is a new rapid analysis technique.The improvement in sensitivity,resolution,and reproducibility,and the expanding application fields of SERS spectroscopy mainly depend on the development of the substrates,which are a key part of the technique.Research on novel SERS substrates is a popular topic.Considering the types of substrate compositions,and a focus on the SERS enhancement mechanisms(electromagnetic enhancement and chemical enhancement),we reviewed the research progress in recent years of zero-dimensional(0D)nanocolloids and particles,one-dimensional(1D)nanorods,two-dimensional(2D)planar carriers,and three-dimensional(3D)carriers as new SERS substrates.The structural characteristics,Raman enhancement mechanism,advantages and disadvantages,performance optimization method,and applications of typical SERS substrates were analyzed and compared,and the application progress of SERS in the analysis of environmental microorganisms was summarized.The stability of the SERS substrates,the“hot spots”uniformity of SERS detection,and the reproducibility of spectra could be increased by a change in the dimension and shape of the substrate material.The specificity of SERS detection could be further improved with the functional modification of the substrate material.Combining SERS with microfluidic control,stable isotope labeling,and machine learning could improve its detection ability for complex samples.Therefore,SERS plays an irreplaceable role in the identification,classification,and monitoring of environmental microbes.Owing to the great variety in environmental microorganisms,the complexity of microorganism individual composition and sampling environment,and the interference of non-target substances,the SERS spectra of environmental microorganisms still have poor reproducibility and low resolution to some extent.The accuracy of SERS qualitative analysis of microorganisms should be further improved.Therefore,a quantitative analysis of microorganisms should be performed.In additi

关 键 词：表面增强拉曼散射 新型基底 电磁增强 化学增强 环境微生物 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学] O657.37[理学—分析化学]