添加乳酸菌对残次苹果和小麦秸秆混合青贮品质的影响  

Effects of Adding Lactic Acid Bacteria on Quality of Mixed Silage of Defective Apple and Wheat Straw

作　　者：艾琪 郭睿 陈亚飞 苏华维[3,4] 蒋慧 蒋涛[1,2] AI Qi;GUO Rui;CHEN Yafei;SU Huawei;JIANG Hui;JIANG Tao(Key Laboratory of Tarim Animal Husbandry Science and Technology,Alar,Xinjiang 843300,China;College of Animal Science,Tarim University,Alar,Xinjiang 843300,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学动物科学学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]塔里木畜牧科技兵团重点实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300 [3]中国农业大学动物科技学院,北京100193 [4]动物营养学国家重点实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2022年第6期25-30,共6页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31260562);教育部基本科研业务费-对口支援科研合作基金项目(2019TC156);兵团塔里木畜牧科技重点实验室项目(HS201701);中国农业大学-塔里木大学联合基金项目(ZNLH201902);兵团财政科技计划资助(2021DB015)。

摘　　要：为了研究添加乳酸菌对残次苹果和小麦秸秆混合青贮品质的影响及其适宜的混合比例,将残次苹果和小麦秸秆分别按照质量比0∶1、1∶9、3∶7、5∶5、7∶3、9∶1进行混合,共计6个处理,按此比例添加1×10^(6) CFU/g的乳酸菌组成另外6个处理,每个处理3个重复。青贮90 d后对青贮饲料进行感官评定和实验室营养成分分析。结果表明:添加残次苹果能显著提高混贮饲料的粗蛋白和可溶性碳水化合物的含量(P<0.05),显著降低中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维的含量(P<0.05);混合青贮饲料中的乳酸、乙酸含量随着残次苹果添加量的增多而增加,丁酸和氨态氮/总氮含量随着残次苹果添加量的增多而减少;C1的乳酸(0.17%)、乙酸(0.09%)含量显著低于其他各个处理(P<0.05),而丁酸含量、氨态氮/总氮显著高于其他各个处理(P<0.05);添加乳酸菌混贮料的营养成分、发酵品质均优于未添加乳酸菌的处理。因此,残次苹果与小麦秸秆混合青贮能改善青贮品质和小麦秸秆的营养价值;添加乳酸菌改善青贮品质的效果更好;残次苹果与小麦秸秆的适宜比例在3∶7到5∶5之间。In order to investigate the effects of lactic acid bacteria addition on the mixed silage of defective apple and wheat straw,and to determine the appropriate mixed proportion,in this experiment the mixed silage was designed according to the weight ratio of defective apple and wheat straw at 0∶10,1∶9,3∶7,5∶5,7∶3,and 9∶1,a total of six treatments.And 1×106 CFU/g of lactic acid bacteria was added on this ratio to form another six treatments,3 replicates for each treatment.The sensory evaluation and laboratory evaluation after 90 days of silage were analyzed.The results showed that the addition of defective apple significantly improved the CP and WSC of mixed silage(P<0.05),and the contents of NDF and ADF decreased significantly(P<0.05).The lactic acid and acetic acid contents increased with the increase of defective apple,while butyric acid content and ammonia nitrogen/total nitrogen decreased with the increase of defective apple.The contents of LA(0.17%)and AA(0.09%)in C1 were significantly lower than those in other treatments(P<0.05),while the butyric acid content and AN/TN ratio were significantly higher than other treatments(P<0.05);the nutrient content and fermentation quality of lactic acid bacteria blended silage were better than those of treatments without lactic acid bacteria.Therefore,mixed silage of residual apples and wheat straw can improve silage quality and nutritional value of wheat straw;the effect of adding lactic acid bacteria to improve silage quality is better,and the appropriate proportion of defective apple and wheat straw addition is between 3∶7 and 5∶5.

关 键 词：乳酸菌 残次苹果 小麦秸秆 发酵品质 营养成分 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]