审美体验的科学性——从朱光潜“美本质”问题的逻辑起点出发  

On Scientificity of Aesthetic Experience-Based on the Logical Starting Point of Zhu Guangqian's Theory of“Essence of Aesthetic”

作　　者：周丰 ZHOU Feng(Research Center for Ideology and Culture,Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences,Shanghai 200020,China)

机构地区：[1]上海社会科学院思想文化研究中心,上海200020

出　　处：《美育学刊》2022年第4期53-62,共10页Journal of Aesthetic Education

摘　　要：“美本质”之争具体表现为主观与客观的对立,从朱光潜对“美本质”问题的逻辑起点与表述中可知,美学研究陷入主、客观二元对立的原因在于审美活动作为一种主观体验的不确定性。因此,“美本质”的落脚点在于审美体验,确证审美体验的科学性及其发生的“标准”是走出这一瓶颈的关键。神经美学近来关于审美体验实验的发展充分体现了审美体验的个体性与现时性,并且已经可以从内在的脑区活跃与外在的审美判断双重事实中确证朱光潜所提出的“精确而客观的标准”,审美主体从而在“物”的层面与审美客体相统一。因此,神经美学研究为审美体验的科学性的确立提供了新的方法和视角,并且论证了美作为一种属性的可能性。The debate over the“essence of aesthetic”is marked by the opposition between subjective and objective.Zhu Guangqian is a master of Western aesthetic research.According to his logical starting point and statements of the“essence of aesthetic”,the reason why aesthetic research falls into the binary opposition between subjective and objective lies in the uncertainty of aesthetic activity as a subjective experience.Therefore,the foothold of the“essence of aesthetic”can be attributed to aesthetic experience.Confirming the scientificity of aesthetic experience and its“standard”is the key to getting out of this bottleneck.The recent development of the experiment of aesthetic experience in neuroaesthetics fully demonstrates the individuality and modernity of aesthetic experience.It also confirms the“accurate and objective standard”proposed by Zhu Guangqian from the internal brain activity and external aesthetic judgment.The aesthetic subject is unified with the aesthetic object in the aspect of“thing”.Therefore,the study of neuroaesthetics provides a new approach and perspective for establishing the scientific nature of aesthetic experience,and proves the possibility of beauty as an attribute.

关 键 词：朱光潜 美本质 审美体验 神经美学 科学性 

分 类 号：B83-05[哲学宗教—美学]