福建东山湾表层沉积物中甲藻孢囊分布研究  

Distribution of dinoflagellate cysts in surface sediments on the Dongshan Bay,Fujian province,China

作　　者：王朝晖[1] 张宇宁 王文婷 谢昌良 陈佳卓 郑虎 王军星 WANG Zhaohui;ZHANG Yuning;WANG Wenting;XIE Changliang;CHEN Jiazhuo;ZHENG Hu;WANG Junxing(Department of Ecology,College of Life Science and Technology,Jinan University,Guangzhou 510632,China;Huizhou Marine Technology Center,Huizhou 516003,China)

机构地区：[1]暨南大学生命科学技术学院生态学系,广东广州510632 [2]惠州市海洋技术中心,广东惠州516003

出　　处：《热带海洋学报》2022年第4期154-162,共9页Journal of Tropical Oceanography

基　　金：科技基础资源调查专项(2018FY100200);国家自然科学基金项目(42076141)。

摘　　要：本研究于2016年11月在福建东山湾海域采集了表层沉积物,对沉积物中甲藻孢囊的分布规律进行了研究,重点揭示了有毒有害甲藻孢囊的分布;同时测定了沉积物中生源要素含量,以揭示孢囊分布与生源要素的关系。共鉴定甲藻孢囊22种,包括自养型14种和异养型8种,优势种为原多甲藻孢囊。孢囊的种类多样性指数(H')偏低,为1.70~2.38之间;均匀度指数(J)为0.64~0.84。孢囊密度介于70.6~136.4个·g^(–1),平均为107.2个·g^(–1),在漳江口和八尺门海域较低。东山湾表层沉积物中较高的异养型甲藻孢囊百分含量(平均75.5%)在一定程度上说明了水体中较高的初级生产力及富营养化水平。值得注意的是,本研究分析鉴定出7种有毒有害甲藻的孢囊,包括麻痹性贝类毒素(paralytic shellfish toxin,PSP)原因种奥氏亚历山大藻(Alexandrium ostenfeldii)和链状/塔玛亚历山大藻(Alexandrium catenella/tamarense)孢囊复合体、虾夷扇贝毒素(yessotoxin,YTX)原因种具刺膝沟藻(Gonyaulax spinifera)、环胺藻毒素(azaspiracid,AZP)潜在原因种环胺藻(Azadinium sp)、产生鱼毒素的哈曼褐多沟藻(Polykrikos hartmannii)以及赤潮藻类Barrufeta bravensis和锥状斯氏藻(Scrippsiella acuminate)。整体来说,这些有毒有害藻类的孢囊密度较低,但具刺膝沟藻在某些站位的高密度出现需引起关注。Surface sediments were collected on the Dongshan Bay of Fujian Province China in November 2016.Dinoflagellate cysts were analyzed in the sediments with a particular focus on the distribution of toxic and harmful dinoflagellate cysts.The contents of biogenic elements were examined to reveal the relationships between cysts and biogenic elements.A total of 22 cyst taxa were identified,including 14 autotrophic and 8 heterotrophic taxa.Cysts of Protoperidinium dominated in the sediments.Shannon-Wiener diversity index(H')ranged from 1.70 to 2.38,and Pielou’s evenness index(J)ranged between 0.64 and 0.84.Cyst concentrations ranged from 70.6 to 136.4 cysts·g^(-1),with an average of 107.2 cysts·g^(–1).Cyst concentrations were lower in the Zhangjiang estuary and Bachimen area.The high percentages of cysts of heterotrophic dinoflagellates(averagely 75.5%)suggested the high primary productivity and eutrophication level on the Dongshan Bay.Notably,cysts of seven toxic and/or harmful algal bloom(HAB)species were identified in this study,including cysts of the paralytic shellfish toxin(PSP)producers Alexandrium ostenfeldii and A.catenella/tamarense,the yessotoxin(YTX)producers Gonyaulax spinifera,the potential azaspiracid(AZP)producer Azadinium sp.,the ichthyotoxic species Polykrikos hartmannii,and the bloom species Barrufeta bravensis and Scrippsiella acuminata.Cysts of the HAB species generally occurred in small numbers,however,high numbers of cysts of G.spinifera in some stations need to be concerned.

关 键 词：甲藻孢囊 东山湾 沉积物 生源要素 有毒有害赤潮 

分 类 号：P735.53[天文地球—海洋生物学]