真理为什么在于符合事实--从需要角度看符合论与融贯论、实用论的争论  

Why Does Truth Lie in the Correspondence of Fact: An Analysis of the Controversy among Correspondence Theory,Coherence Theory and Pragmatism from the Perspective of Needs

作　　者：刘清平 LIU Qingping

机构地区：[1]武汉传媒学院电影与电视学院

出　　处：《阅江学刊》2022年第4期49-59,172,共12页Yuejiang Academic Journal

摘　　要：符合论、融贯论和实用论的支持者在争论中往往忽视了认知需要尤其是求知欲作为认知行为动机源头的关键作用,结果没能看到问题的要害:由于求知欲是为了弥补知识缺失形成的对于事实真相的惊诧好奇,它从根本上决定了人们追求的真理知识只能在于符合事实的本来面目。相比之下,尽管认知需要中还包含了求晰欲,尽管认知行为往往有非认知需要的参与,它们分别追求的逻辑融贯和实用成效却有可能干扰求知欲的趋真目标,产生扭曲真相的负面效应。所以,从需要的角度看,在真理本质的问题上,只有符合论才能成立,融贯论和实用论等则难以成立。The proponents of correspondence theory,coherence theory and pragmatism often ignore the key role of cognitive needs,especially of the desire for knowledge,as the source of motivation of cognitive action,and thus fail to see the crux of the problem:Because the desire for knowledge is formed to make up for the lack of knowledge,it fundamentally determines that the truth knowledge that people pursue by their curiosity can only be in accordance with the fact.In contrast,while cognitive needs also include the desire for clarity,and while cognitive action is often influenced by non-cognitive needs,their respective pursuit of logical coherence and practical effects may often interfere with the pursuit of the desire for knowledge and produce negative effects of distorting facts.From the perspective of needs,therefore,only the correspondence theory can be established on the issue of the essence of truth,while the coherence theory and pragmatism as well as other theories are untenable.

关 键 词：真理 求知欲 求晰欲 非认知需要 符合论 融贯论 实用论 

分 类 号：B017[哲学宗教—哲学理论]