生产和消费环节的“非补贴型”政策孰优孰劣?——基于新能源车企研发投入促进效果视角  

Which non-subsidy policy is better,in the production or consumption links?——Based on the promotion effect of R&D investment of NEV enterprises

作　　者：熊勇清[1] 熊祯 吴敬静[2] XIONG Yong-qing;XIONG Zhen;WU Jing-jing(Business School,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China;School of Automotive Engineering,Hunan Communication Polytechnic,Changsha 410132,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学,湖南长沙410083 [2]湖南交通职业技术学院,湖南长沙410132

出　　处：《科学学研究》2022年第7期1181-1191,共11页Studies in Science of Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71874208);湖南省自然科学基金青年项目(2019JJ50144)。

摘　　要：在中国新能源汽车“补贴退坡”的背景下,加大“非补贴型”政策的实施力度,对于减少“补贴依赖症”并且有效激励新能源车企的研发投入十分必要。本研究以中国新能源汽车(整车)制造企业上市公司作为研究样本,在考虑新能源车企政治关联差异的基础上,应用面板向量自回归(PVAR)模型从显著性、敏捷性两个维度比较了生产和消费环节“非补贴型”政策对新能源车企研发投入的作用变化,分析两环节“非补贴型”政策孰优孰劣。结果表明:“生产”环节非补贴型政策对新能源车企研发投入促进的显著性相对更高、敏捷性相对更强,能更大程度、更加迅速地促进车企研发投入的增加。新能源车企政治关联的差异性对生产和消费环节“非补贴型”政策实施效果存在影响,对于政治关联较低的车企,“生产”环节政策对研发投入的促进作用相对更理想;对于政治关联较高的车企,“消费”环节政策对研发投入的促进作用相对更理想。中国新能源汽车“非补贴型”政策未来的政策制定重点应向“生产”环节政策倾斜,倒逼车企加大研发投入,同时要进一步明确政府和市场之间的权利边界,加强对新能源车企通过政治关联“寻租”并获取资源的策略性行为的监管力度。China’s subsidy policy has promoted the expansion of the production and marketing scale of new energy vehicles(NEVS)in the short term,but the problems of lacking of core technology and high-end products are still very prominent.The innovation incentive effect of the subsidy policy is very limited.Therefore,under the background of"subsidy decline"of NEVs in China,it is necessary to strengthen the implementation of the non-subsidy policy to reduce the"subsidy dependence"and effectively stimulate the R&D investment of NEV enterprises.We gathered the data of all listed NEV manufacturing enterprises in China.Taking account of the differences of political connections of NEV enterprises,apply the panel vector auto regressive(PVAR)model to compare the effects of non-subsidy policies in the production and consumption links on the R&D investment of NEV enterprises from the two dimensions of significance and agility and analyzes which is better.The results show that in terms of significance,the production link policy has a higher significance in promoting the R&D investment of NEV enterprises,and can promote the increase of R&D investment of NEV enterprises to a greater extent;In terms of agility,the production link policy is more agile in promoting the R&D investment of NEV enterprises,and can more quickly promote the increase of R&D investment of NEV enterprises.The difference of political connections of NEV enterprises has an impact on the implementation effect of non-subsidy policies in the production and consumption links.For the enterprises with lower political connections,the policy in the production link has a more significant promotion effect on R&D investment.For enterprises with higher political connections,the promotion effect of consumption policy on R&D investment is more significant.In the future,China’s NEV non-subsidy policy should focus on the production link policies,which can force enterprises to increase R&D investment,promote the development of new energy vehicle industry to high quality,let produc

关 键 词：新能源汽车 “非补贴型”政策 研发投入 政治关联 

分 类 号：F279.23[经济管理—企业管理]