食药用菌多糖益生元效应及其对肠道微生态系统影响的研究进展  

Research Progress on Prebiotic Effects of Polysaccharides from Edible and Medicinal Fungi and Their Effects on Gut Microecosystem

作　　者：赵明[1] 陈香利 孔祥辉[1] ZHAO Ming;CHEN Xiangli;KONG Xianghui(Institute of Microbiology,Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences,Harbin 150010,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省科学院微生物研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150010

出　　处：《食用菌学报》2022年第4期107-116,共10页Acta Edulis Fungi

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金(ZD2020C010);黑龙江省科学院院长基金(YZ2020 sw 01);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-20)和黑龙江省科学院人才队伍建设平台(RC2022SW01)。

摘　　要：食药用菌多糖与功能性低聚糖具有相似的益生元效应,可以通过促进菌群利用多糖作为碳源发酵产生短链脂肪酸(short-chain fatty acids,SCFAs),降低肠道内pH,参与肠道的不同生理过程。食药用菌多糖具有多种结构,不同结构的多糖在肠道内具有不同的益生元效应。笔者从食药用菌多糖益生元效应及其对肠道微生态系统影响的角度,综述了多糖的结构与功能,作为益生元的难消化性、可发酵性和可以促进有益菌和抑制有害菌增殖生长的特性,以及调节肠道菌群数量和结构及保护肠道黏膜屏障两方面对肠道微生态系统的影响。Polysaccharides from edible fungi have similar prebiotic effects with functional oligosaccharides.They can promote gut microbiome to produce short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)by using polysaccharides as carbon source,reduce intestinal pH,and participate in different physiological processes in the intestinal tract.Polysaccharides from edible and medicinal fungi have various structures,rendering different prebiotic effects in the intestinal tract.The prebiotic effects of edible and medicinal fungi polysaccharides were reviewed in terms of structure and function,indigestibility and fermentability as a prebiotic,characteristics of promoting beneficial bacteria while inhibiting the proliferation of harmful bacteria,and effects on intestinal microecosystem by regulating the number and structure of gut microbiome and protecting mucosal barrier.

关 键 词：食药用菌多糖 结构与功能 益生元 肠道菌群 

分 类 号：TS201.3[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]