当代德国史学理论中的历史意义:渊源、生成与经验  

The Historical Meaning in Contemporary Theory of History in Germany:Centered on Jörn Rüsen

作　　者：尉佩云 Yu Peiyun

机构地区：[1]山西大学历史文化学院

出　　处：《世界历史评论》2022年第2期186-199,M0007,共15页The World History Review

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“民族意志视野下德国历史理论的变迁研究”(项目编号:21CSS011)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：“历史意义生成”是当代德国史学理论中的一个重要概念,总体而言,它是在德国理念论历史哲学的解释系统失效之后,伴随着现代性历史思考和现代性历史进程本身发展而来的。历史意义生成作为一个系统概念,一方面在探讨德国传统历史思考中理念论核心的当代理论形态;另一方面,历史意义同时以知识论的方式在论证当代历史研究的价值与合法性基础。在思想脉络上,它来自德罗伊森、狄尔泰、伽达默尔等德国思想家。约恩·吕森通过感知、诠释、导向和行动的四个精神程序,阐明了历史意义在当代历史文化中的生成逻辑。对历史意义的“不可预想性”、生成逻辑以及它与“历史统一体”等经验概念之间关系的分析厘清,有助于我们理解当代德国史学理论不同于叙事主义史学理论的整体导向与解释体系,即历史意义在当代时间经验中应当重塑人类历史思考的整体性。将“历史意义”这个思想概念和现代德国历史的实践发展结合来看,它是一个包含着政治、认知与道德诉求的综合性概念范畴。Historical meaning(Sinnbildung)is an important concept in contemporary German historiography.In general,it comes out after the failure of the interpretation system of German idealistic theory of history.Historical meaning processed along with the development of modern historical thinking.As a systematic concept,historical meaning is intended to explore the contemporary development and existential form of the core of the idealism in traditional German historical thinking.On the other hand,historical meaning also demonstrates the value and legitimacy of contemporary historical research in a meta-epistemological approach.In the ideological context,it comes from German thinkers such as Droysen,Dilthey,and Gadamer.Through the four spiritual procedures of perception,interpretation,orientation and action,Rüsen clarified the generation logic of historical meaning in contemporary history and culture.Through the analysis and clarification of the“unprethinkability”of historical meaning,the logic of generation,and the relationship between it and the historical unity,it will help us to understand the overall orientation and interpretation system of contemporary German historiography that is different from narrative historiography.History Meaning should reshape the integrity of human historical thinking in contemporary time experience.Historical meaning is a comprehensive conceptual category that contains political,cognitive,and moral appeals.

关 键 词：历史意义 历史意识 历史统一体 “不可预想性” 约恩·吕森 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]