不同产地阿月浑子‘Kerman’坚果品质的差异比较  

Comparative analysis of the pistachios‘Kerman’nuts quality in different producing areas

作　　者：辛国 朱建朝 李建红 朱延博 李雪琳 任志勇 郑小平 路丙社[5] XIN Guo;ZHU Jianzhao;LI Jianhong;ZHU Yanbo;LI Xuelin;REN Zhiyong;ZHENG Xiaoping;LU Bingshe(Longnan Economic Forest Research Institute of Institute of Walnut Research,Longnan 746000,Gansu,China;Gansu Walnut Engineering Technology Research Center,Longnan 746000,Gansu,China;Gansu Forestry Science and Technology Extension Station,Lanzhou 730046,Gansu,China;Ningxian Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Ningxian 745200,Gansu,China;Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,Hebe)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省陇南市经济林研究院核桃研究所,甘肃陇南746000 [2]甘肃省核桃工程技术研究中心,甘肃陇南746000 [3]甘肃省林业科技推广站,甘肃兰州730046 [4]宁县农业技术推广中心,甘肃宁县745200 [5]河北农业大学,河北保定071001

出　　处：《经济林研究》2022年第2期91-99,共9页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：甘肃省林业科技推广示范项目“陇南开心果引种栽培试验示范推广”(甘林计函〔2018〕1080号)和“特色经济林优良品种引种试验与示范”(kjcx202005)。

摘　　要：【目的】比较分析我国阿月浑子适生区的新疆疏附与研究地甘肃甘谷、甘肃武都这3个产地的阿月浑子‘Kerman’坚果品质的差异情况及不同产地的立地条件,为阿月浑子的推广种植与良种鉴定奠定基础。【方法】分别采摘新疆疏附与甘肃甘谷、甘肃武都3个采样地的阿月浑子‘Kerman’坚果,对其营养品质(含油率、脂肪酸、蛋白质、矿质元素、糖类)、安全品质(重金属元素、农药残留成分、致癌物质)、风味品质进行测定与分析。【结果】3个产地的阿月浑子‘Kerman’坚果的含油率为(41.50%±0.07%)~(48.73%±0.46%);其脂肪酸的主要组成成分分别为油酸、亚油酸、棕榈酸,其不饱和脂肪酸(UFA)含量为(86.32%±0.50%)~(88.38%±0.71%),其单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)含量为(1.40%±0.03%)~(1.89%±0.04%),其多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量为(84.43%±0.53%)~(86.74%±0.72%);其蛋白质含量为0.23±0)~(0.25±0)g/g;3个产地的阿月浑子‘Kerman’坚果中的钙含量为(800.67±7.41)~(888.67±2.05)mg/kg,钾含量为(7407.67±16.21)~(8574.67±38.42)mg/kg,磷含量为(4789.33±24.28)~(5531.00±44.55)mg/kg,铁含量为(33.77±0.34)~(39.70±0.37)mg/kg,锌含量为(11.73±0.40)~(18.53±0.77)mg/kg;其蔗糖含量为(0.01±0)g/g,棉籽糖含量为(0±0)~(0.01±0)g/g。3个产地的阿月浑子‘Kerman’坚果中重金属元素镉的含量为(0.00226±0)~(0.00643±0)mg/kg,铅含量为(0.03147±0)~(0.05453±0)mg/kg。3个产地的阿月浑子‘Kerman’坚果中均未检出氯氟氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯、氧乐果等农药残留成分;3个产地的阿月浑子‘Kerman’坚果中均未检出致癌物质黄曲霉素B1,3个产地中仅有甘肃武都的坚果中检测到黄曲霉素B2,且其含量仅为(0.004±0)μg/kg:说明3个产地的阿月浑子‘Kerman’坚果的安全品质均符合我国食品安全标准中规定的要求。3个产地的阿月浑子‘Kerman’坚果中的风味成分主要为氮氧类化合物、烷烃类化合物、含硫的有�【Objective】The pistachios‘Kerman’nut quality and site conditions in Xinjiang Shufu,Gansu Gangu and Gansu Wu were compared and analyzed for the extended plantation and advanced species identification.【Method】The nutritional quality(oil content,fatty acid,protein,mineral element and sugar),safety quality(heavy metals,pesticide residues,carcinogens)and flavor quality of pistachios‘Kerman’were measured and analyzed from 3 sampling sites.【Result】The nutritional quality of pistachios‘Kerman’from three producing areas the oil content was(41.50%±0.07%)-(48.73%±0.46%),the main components of fatty acids were oleic acid,linoleic acid and palmitic acid,in which unsaturated fatty acid(UFA)was(86.32%±0.50%)-(88.38%±0.71%),monounsaturated fatty acid(MUFA)was(1.40%±0.03%)-(1.89%±0.04%),polyunsaturated fatty acid(PUFA)was(84.43%±0.53%)-(86.74%±0.72%),protein was(0.23±0.00)-(0.25±0.00)g/g,calcium was(800.67±7.41)-(888.67±2.05)mg/kg,potassium was(7407.67±16.21)-(8574.67±38.42)mg/kg,phosphorus was(4789.33±24.28)-(5531.00±44.55)mg/kg,iron was(33.77±0.34)-(39.70±0.37)mg/kg,zinc was(11.73±0.40)-(18.53±0.77)mg/kg,sucrose was(0.01±0)g/g,raffinose was(0±0)-(0.01±0)g/g;safety quality(the content of heavy metal cadmium was(0.00226±0)-(0.00643±0)mg/kg,and the content of lead was(0.03147±0)-(0.05453±0)mg/kg;the pesticide residue cypermethrin and omethoate were not detected in 3 production sites;the carcinogen aflatoxin B1 was not detected in 3 production sites,and aflatoxin B2 was only detected in Wudu,Gansu Province,and the content was(0.004±0)μg/kg meets the food requirements of China;the main flavor components were nitrogen oxides,alkanes,sulfur-containing organic compounds and alcohols,aldehydes and ketones.【Conclusion】Although there are some differences in nutritional quality,safety quality and flavor quality of pistachio‘Kerman’nuts among 3 producing areas,their nutritional quality,safety quality and flavor quality are similar to those of domestic nuts,which indicates that the

关 键 词：阿月浑子 营养品质 安全品质 风味品质 

分 类 号：S664.9[农业科学—果树学]