7种粗饲料常规营养成分及其在山羊瘤胃液降解特性的研究  

Nutritional Components and in Vitro Degradation Characteristics of Seven Roughages in Rumen Fluid of Goat

作　　者：戚竞文 甄玉国[1,2] 秦贵信 张学峰[1,2] 孙喆[1,2,3] 王涛 QI Jingwen;ZHEN Yuguo;QIN Guixin;ZHANG Xuefeng;SUN Zhe;WANG Tao(College of Animal Science and Technology,JLAU-Borui Dairy Science and Technology R&D Center,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China;Postdoctoral Scientific Research Workstation,Feed Engineering Technology Research Center of Jilin Province,Changchun Borui Science&Technology Co.Ltd.,Changchun 130118,China;College of Life Science,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学动物科学技术学院,吉农博瑞奶牛科技研发中心,长春130118 [2]长春博瑞科技股份有限公司博士后科研工作站,吉林省饲料工程技术研究中心,长春130118 [3]吉林农业大学生命科学学院,长春130118

出　　处：《经济动物学报》2022年第1期36-43,共8页Journal of Economic Animal

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划项目(20170623075TC)。

摘　　要：研究7种粗饲料(玉米秸秆、玉米青贮、甜菜颗粒、麦秸、大豆皮、燕麦草和苜蓿青贮)的常规营养成分差异及其在山羊瘤胃液的降解特性,为粗饲料在山羊生产中的有效利用提供理论依据。选取4只12月龄,体质量相近[(50±2.0)kg],安装永久性瘤胃瘘管的山羊作为瘤胃液供体动物。采用ANKOM DAISYⅡ技术进行饲料的体外瘤胃降解。然后分别测定样品的干物质(DM)、中性洗低纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)的瘤胃降解特性,及瘤胃发酵参数(NH-N、VFA)。结果表明:7种粗饲料原料中苜蓿青贮粗蛋白(CP)和粗脂肪(EE)含量显著高于其余粗饲料(P<0.05);麦秸的粗灰分(ASH)含量最高(P<0.05);玉米秸秆的ADF和NDF含量最高(P<0.05)。DM有效降解率大小顺序依次为玉米青贮>苜蓿青贮>甜菜颗粒>燕麦草>大豆皮>麦秸>玉米秸秆;NDF有效降解率大小顺序依次为苜蓿青贮>甜菜颗粒>玉米青贮>燕麦草>大豆皮>麦秸>玉米秸秆;ADF有效降解率大小顺序依次为苜蓿青贮>甜菜颗粒>玉米青贮>燕麦草>大豆皮>麦秸>玉米秸秆。48 h玉米秸秆的NH-N含量显著高于其余粗饲料(P<0.05),48 h玉米青贮、甜菜颗粒和苜蓿青贮NH-N含量显著低于其余粗饲料(P<0.05),但三者差异不显著(P>0.05)。玉米青贮TVFA含量显著高于其余粗饲料(P<0.05),其次为甜菜颗粒和燕麦草。说明7种粗饲料营养成分、瘤胃降解特性均存在差异,其中,玉米青贮、苜蓿青贮和甜菜颗粒的可利用价值较高,大豆皮和燕麦草的可利用价值居中,麦秸和玉米秸秆的可利用价值低。The aim of this study was to investigate the differences of seven common roughages(corn straw,corn silage,sugar beet pellet,wheat straw,soybean hull,oat grass and alfalfa silage)in nutritional components and degradation characteristics in the rumen fluid of goats to provide theoretical basis for the effective use of roughage in goat production.Four goats(12-month-old)with similar body weight(50±2.0)kg and permanent rumen fistulas were used for rumen fluid collection.The ANKOM DAISYⅡtechnology was used to evaluate the rumen degradation characteristics of these roughages.Dry Matter(DM),Neutral Detergent Fiber(NDF)and Acid Detergent Fiber(ADF),as well as rumen fermentation parameters(NH-N,VFA)were detected,respectively.The results showed that among the seven roughages,the CP and EE contents of alfalfa silage were significantly higher than those of the other roughages(P<0.05);wheat straw had the highest ASH content(P<0.05),whereas corn stover had the highest ADF and NDF contents(P<0.05).The effective degradation rates of DM were,in turn from high to low,corn silage,alfalfa silage,sugar beet pellets,oat grass,soy hulls,wheat straw and corn straw.The effective degradation rates of NDF were,in turn from high to low,alfalfa silage,sugar beet pellets,corn silage,oat grass,soy hulls,wheat straw and corn straw.The effective degradation rates of ADF were,in turn from high to low,alfalfa silage,sugar beet pellets,corn silage,oat grass,soy hulls,wheat straw,and corn straw.The NH-N content of corn straw at 48 h was significantly higher than those of other roughages(P<0.05).The NH-N contents of corn silage,sugar beet pellets and alfalfa silage at 48 h were significantly lower than those of the other roughages(P<0.05),but the difference between these three roughages was not significant(P>0.05).The TVFA content of corn silage was significantly higher than thoset of the other roughages(P<0.05),followed by sugar beet pellets and oat grass.These data demonstrated that the nutritional components and rumen degradation characteristic

关 键 词：山羊 粗饲料 瘤胃 营养成分 降解率 

分 类 号：S827.5[农业科学—畜牧学]