晚清新式学堂留学教育活动及影响研究——基于山西大学堂留学教育活动的分析  

A Study of the Overseas Education Activities in New-style Schools in the Late Qing Dynasty and Their Impact:An Analysis Based on the Overseas Education Activities in Shanxi University

作　　者：徐冠华 XU Guan-hua(School of Journalism and Communication,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China)

机构地区：[1]山西大学新闻学院,山西太原030006

出　　处：《山西大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2022年第4期154-160,共7页Journal of Shanxi University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition)

基　　金：山西省哲学社会科学规划课题“留学教育视角下的地方科技发展路径探析——基于山西大学堂留英学生的考察”(2020YJ021)。

摘　　要：清末民初开展的留学教育,是清政府学习引进西方科学技术,以全方位提升经济、军事、文化水平,求得国家富强政治目的的重要手段,根本上是为了维护摇摇欲坠的清王朝统治。晚清官方留学教育从19世纪60年代酝酿发端,由中央而地方,逐步兴起全国范围的留学教育浪潮。到19世纪末期,留学教育与清朝教育“新政”相互结合,新式学堂学子逐渐成为留学教育的主体。山西大学堂作为我国近代最早创办的大学堂之一,多次派遣学子赴日本、英国留学。文章从遗存史料出发,在全国兴起留学教育活动浪潮的大背景下,考察山西大学堂派遣学子赴日、英留学的时代背景、留学政策、学习专业、回国影响等,分析留学教育活动在推动科学本土化过程中,对教育、经济和社会产生的广泛影响。The overseas education in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China was an important means for the Qing government to learn and introduce Western science and technology,to comprehensively improve its economic,military and cultural level,and to attain the political goal of national prosperity,which was,in essence,an effort to maintain the crumbling rule of the Qing Dynasty.Official overseas education in the late Qing Dynasty began in the 1860 s,subsequently forming a nationwide wave of overseas study education from the central government to the local governments.By the end of the 19 th century,overseas education and the education under the“New Policy”in the Qing Dynasty had been integrated,and the students in new-style schools gradually became the principal subject of overseas education.Shanxi University,as one of the earliest established universities in modern China,sent batches of its students to Japan and Britain.Based on the relevant historical materials and the context of the rising tide of overseas education activities in China,this paper investigates the historical background in which Shanxi University sent students to Japan and Britain,the overseas education policy,the disciplines of learning and the influence of those students after their return,and analyzes the extensive impact of overseas education activities on such aspects as education,economy and society in the process of promoting the localization of science.

关 键 词：留学教育 山西大学堂 科技传播 

分 类 号：G40-09[文化科学—教育学原理]