博士就业去向与择业心态——基于两次全国调查的对比分析  

Employment Destination and Job-Seeking Mentality of PhD Graduates:A Comparative Analysis Based on Two National Surveys

作　　者：许丹东 沈文钦[1] 陈洪捷[1] XU Dandong;SHEN Wenqin;CHEN Hongjie(Peking University,Beijing 100871)

机构地区：[1]北京大学教育学院,北京100871

出　　处：《中国高教研究》2022年第7期69-75,共7页China Higher Education Research

基　　金：2019年国家自然科学基金面上项目“博士毕业生的初职获得与早期生涯发展追踪研究”(71974004);2021年国家自然科学基金重点项目“面向国家重大需求的研究生教育治理体系”(72134001)的研究成果。

摘　　要：博士生教育规模的增加、新冠肺炎疫情的流行以及逆全球化思潮向教育领域的渗透使我国博士毕业生面临复杂的就业形势。基于2017年与2021年两次全国调查数据,分析发现博士毕业生进入学术部门的比例整体上有所下降,博士后比例有所上升,但境外博士后比例(主要是美国)大幅减少。博士毕业生的择业心态偏向一份有发展前景的稳定性工作,对工资待遇的重视程度在提高,对继续做研究和发表机会的重视程度明显减弱,其就业满意度也出现下降趋势。The expansion of the scale of doctoral education,the outbreak of the COVID-19 and the infiltration of anti-globalization into the field of education complicate the employment situation of doctoral graduates in China.Based on the analysis of the data from the two national surveys in 2017 and 2021,the results show that the proportion of doctoral graduates entering academic institutions has decreased on the whole,and the proportion of postdoctors has increased,but the proportion of overseas postdoctors(mainly in the United States) has decreased significantly.The job-seeking mentality of doctoral graduates tends to be a promising and stable job,with an increasing emphasis on salary and significantly less emphasis on research and publication opportunities.In addition,the employment satisfaction of doctoral graduates has also decreased.

关 键 词：博士毕业生 就业 博士后 学术职业 新冠肺炎疫情 

分 类 号：G647.38[文化科学—高等教育学] G643[文化科学—教育学]