基于主成分分析法的不同等级香菇品质评价  

Evaluation of Lentinula edodes quality based on principal component analysis

作　　者：靳荣线[1] 李峰[1] 邹明 孔维丽[2] 刘翼成 赵建选[1] JIN Rongxian;LI Feng;ZOU Ming;KONGWeili;LIU Yicheng;ZHAO Jianxuan(The Institute of Edible Fungi,Xinxiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xinxiang 453000,Henan,China;Institute of Plant Nutrition,Agricultural Resources and Environmental Science,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省新乡市农业科学院食用菌研究所,河南新乡453000 [2]河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所,郑州450002

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2022年第8期50-56,共7页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：河南省重大科技专项(201300110700);河南省食用菌产业技术体系项目(HARS-22-08-Z1)。

摘　　要：为研究不同等级香菇品质的差异,以14个等级的香菇为材料,测定分析了含水量以及粗纤维、蛋白质、氨基酸、粗多糖、灰分、脂肪含量7个品质参数,通过主成分和相关性分析对其品质进行综合评价。结果表明,等级间品质存在差异,但也存在相似性,均表现为粗纤维含量最高,其次为蛋白质含量,脂肪含量最低;其中3级的粗纤维含量最大,达到5.5%;1级的蛋白质含量最高,为3.82%;所有等级的脂肪含量仅为0.2%或0.3%。对主成分进行分析(PCA),提取出2个主成分(累计方差贡献率为67.11210%),其中总灰分与PC1呈正相关。参数相关性矩阵分析结果显示,蛋白质、氨基酸、总灰分含量三者之间呈正相关,其中灰分含量与其他参数具有最大范围的相关性,这与主成分分析结果基本一致。本研究结果为香菇分级研究与利用提供了基础,也为香菇定向育种提供了参考。In order to study the quality differences of Lentinula edodes,seven quality parameters including water content,crude fiber,protein,amino acid,crude polysaccharide,ash and fat were measured and analyzed using 14-grade Lentinula edodes,and the quality was comprehensively evaluated using principal components and correlation analysis.The results showed that there are differences and similarities in quality among grades,the content of crude fiber is the highest,followed by protein,and the content of fat is the lowest.Among them,grade 3 has the highest crude fiber content at 5.5%,grade 1 has the highest protein content at 3.82%,and all grades have only 0.2%or 0.3%fat.Principal component analysis(PCA)was carried out,and two principal components were extracted(the cumulative variance contribution rate was 67.11210%),and the total ash content was positively correlated with PC1.Parameter correlation matrix analysis results showed that there wss a positive correlation among protein,amino acid and ash,among which ash has the largest correlation with other parameters,which is basically consistent with the results of principal component analysis.This study provides a basis for the research and utilization of Lentinula edodes classification,and also provides a reference for improvement of Lentinula edodes.

关 键 词：香菇 等级 品质 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S646.12[农业科学—蔬菜学]