宋明礼教思想的展开及其特性  

The Development and Characteristics of Ethical Thought in Song-Ming Period

作　　者：殷慧[1] Yin Hui

机构地区：[1]湖南大学岳麓书院,长沙410082

出　　处：《孔子研究》2022年第4期136-145,160,共11页Confucius Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金重大招标项目“中国礼教思想史(多卷本)”(项目编号:20&ZD030);国家社科基金重点项目“汉宋礼学研究”(项目编号:18AZX010)之阶段性成果。

摘　　要：宋明礼教思想与宋明理学相伴发展,表现出义理化、主体化和民众化等特性。义理化的倾向发端于北宋,诸儒对礼教形上世界的追寻,至朱熹系统地建构了以天理为核心的礼教思想体系,确立了“礼理双彰”的礼教进路,阳明则实现了“由理至心”的转向。主体化意味着礼教活动、礼教诠释中主体的在场,这种倾向与义理化相伴而生,在阳明“以心言礼”后尤为凸显。民众化的倾向与主体化相联系,张载、二程等均注重教化民众,朱熹在“礼下庶人”的礼仪变革中因时制宜,积极推行《家礼》及礼仪实践;阳明的“万物一体”则为民众化注入了新的思想源泉,使民众化倾向在阳明后学中发展到极致。The ritualism of the Song-Ming Period developed with Neo-Confucianism,showing the characteristics of philosophizing,subjectification and civilian.The tendency of philosophizing originated in the Northern Song Dynasty,and Confucianism pursued the metaphysical world of ritual;Zhu Xi systematically constructed the ideological system of ritualism based on logic and established his own approach of"emphasizing both ritual and principle";Wang Yangming realized the turn from principle to mind.Subjectification means the presence of the subject in the activities and interpretation.This tendency is accompanied by philosophizing,especially after Wang Yangming expressed ritualism with mind.The tendency of civilians is related to subjectification.Zhang Zai and Cheng brothers all paid attention to cultivating the people;Zhu Xi actively promoted Family Etiquette and ritualism practice in the etiquette reform of"rite extend down to the common people";Wang Yangming said,"the great man regards heaven and earth and the myriad things as one body".This thought injected a new ideological source into the civilians,which made the civilian tendency develop to the extreme in the Wang Yangming’s followers.

关 键 词：礼教思想 宋明理学 义理化 主体化 民众化 

分 类 号：B3[哲学宗教—外国哲学]