2016-2020年沈阳铁路地区生活饮用水微生物污染情况分析  

Analysis on monitoring results of domestic drinking water safety in Shenyang railway region,2016-2020

作　　者：王佩瑶 高峰 李鹤 WANG Pei-yao;GAO Feng;LI He(Shenyang Railway Center for Disease Control and Prevention China Railuuay Shenyang Bureau Group Co.,Ltd,Shenyang,Liaoning,110000,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]中国铁路沈阳局集团有限公司沈阳疾病预防控制所,辽宁110000

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2022年第7期514-515,529,共3页Preventive Medicine Tribune

摘　　要：目的 了解2016-2020年沈阳铁路地区给水所、泵房、铁路办公区和生活区、车站候车室、列车水箱、自备井中生活饮用水的卫生情况。方法 抽取2016-2020年沈阳铁路地区给水所、泵房、铁路办公区和生活区、车站候车室、列车水箱、自备井的生活饮用水作为样本,依据国家标准对每份样本进行菌落总数、大肠菌群、耐热大肠菌群、大肠埃希氏菌四项检验及评价。结果 2016-2020年,共抽取沈阳铁路地区生活饮用水样本1 793件,合格1 672件,合格率为93.25%。各年度间生活饮用水合格率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),呈先上升后下降的趋势;检验的4种项目中,菌落总数的合格率最低(94.87%),再次为大肠菌群(99.11%);给水所、泵房、铁路办公区和生活区、车站候车室、列车水箱、自备井的生活饮用水间合格率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),其中自备井水合格率最低(76.92%),再次为列车水箱水(81.99%)。结论 2016-2020年沈阳铁路地区生活饮用水微生物污染处于可控范围,但生活饮用水合格率呈现先上升后下降趋势。生活饮用水主要污染指标为菌落总数和大肠菌群,应加强对列车水箱、自备井的卫生管理。Objective To understand the sanitary conditions of drinking water in water supply houses, pump houses, railway office and living areas, station waiting rooms, train water tanks and self-prepared wells in Shenyang railway area during 2016-2020. Methods Drinking water samples from water supply houses, pump houses, railway office and living areas, station waiting rooms, train water tanks, and self-prepared wells in Shenyang railway area during 2016-2020 were taken as samples, and 4 tests and evaluations including total bacterial count, coliforms, thermotolerant coliform bacteria and Escherichia coli were conducted for each sample according to the national standards. Results A total of 1 793 domestic drinking water were inspected during 2016-2020,1 672 were eligible, and the qualified rate was 93.25%.The qualified rates among the years increased at first and then decreased, with significant difference(P<0.01).The qualified rate of the standard plate-count was the lowest(94.87%),followed by coliforms(99.11%).The qualified rate of drinking water in water supply station, pump room, railway office and living area, station waiting room, train water tank and self-prepared well was statistically significant(P<0.01),among which the qualified rate of self-prepared well water was the lowest(76.92%),followed by the water in train water tank(81.99%). Conclusion From 2016 to 2020,microbial contamination of drinking water in Shenyang railway area was under control, but the qualified rate of drinking water showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.The main pollution indicators of drinking water are the standard plate-count and coliforms, therefore the sanitary management of train water tanks and self-prepared wells should be strengthened.

关 键 词：生活饮用水 铁路 菌落总数 大肠菌群 大肠埃希氏菌 耐热大肠菌群 微生物 

分 类 号：R1281[医药卫生—环境卫生学] R123[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]