回转轴空间六方位转角误差辨识解析与补偿实验分析  

The analysis and compensation experiment analysis of error identification and compensation of rotary axis in space with six azimuths

作　　者：张颖[1] 于博 胡月 ZHANG Ying;YU Bo;HU Yue(Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Changchun,Changchun Guanghua College,Changchun 130012,CHN;Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Changchun Institute of Technology,Changchun 130012,CHN;Physics and Electronic Engineering,Hebei Normal University for Nationalities,Chengde 067000,CHN)

机构地区：[1]长春光华学院机械工程学院,吉林长春130012 [2]长春工程学院机电工程学院,吉林长春130012 [3]河北民族师范学院物理与电子工程学院,河北承德067000

出　　处：《制造技术与机床》2022年第9期167-172,共6页Manufacturing Technology & Machine Tool

基　　金：吉林省科技厅自由探索一般项目“小口径高次非球面面型精度检测新源里及关键技术研究”(YDZJ202201ZYTS391)。

摘　　要：调研了影响五轴数控机床加工精度的回转轴空间六方位误差是当前运动轴中急需解决的关键问题,深入探讨了回转轴运动过程中空间六方位误差的具体表现形式,根据空间几何关系采用数学基础理论对回转轴空间六方位误差进行了建模解析,得到了回转轴空间六方位误差的大小及相互影响关系,应用双频激光干涉仪角度检测组件对回转轴进行了滚转误差在线检测与辨识计算,总结了滚转误差的存在特征,提出了适应性补偿方法,建立了滚转误差补偿模型。实验表明,研究的辨识理论及补偿方法有效可行,补偿后滚转误差残差均方差已经降到了2.769×10^(−2),可满足高精度五轴数控机床的运动需求。The literature investigates that the six-axis spatial error of the rotary axis,which affects the machining accuracy of the five-axis CNC machine tool,is a key problem that needs to be solved urgently in the current motion axis.Mathematical basic theory modeled and analyzed the spatial six-azimuth errors of the rotary axis,obtained the magnitude and mutual influence of the six-azimuth errors of the rotary axis,and applied the dual-frequency laser interferometer angle detection component to carry out the online detection of the rolling errors of the rotary axis.With identification calculation,the existing characteristics of roll error are summarized,an adaptive compensation method is proposed,and a roll error compensation model is established.Experiments show that the researched identification theory and compensation method are effective and feasible.The variance has been reduced to 2.769×10^(−2),which can meet the motion requirements of high-precision five-axis CNC machine tools.

关 键 词：五轴数控机床 回转轴 空间六方位误差 数学 辨识解析 误差补偿 

分 类 号：TP273[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]