从“心本论”到“仁本论”——“仁本论”超越“心本论”的可能与必然  

From the Ontological Theory of Xin to the Ontological Theory of Ren:The Possibility and Necessity of the Ontological Theory of RenTranscending the Ontological Theory of Xin

作　　者：雷达 LEI Da(Department of Philosophy,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学哲学系,上海200241

出　　处：《唐都学刊》2022年第4期39-46,共8页Tangdu Journal

摘　　要：中国哲学史上,关于“本体”主要有“气本论”“理本论”“心本论”三种观点。就“心”而言,其在先秦儒学中存在“人心”与“天心”两种诠释路向。宋明时期,“心”历经张载、二程、朱熹、陆九渊诸儒,至王阳明最终完成其本体化进程,实现先秦儒学中两条进路的统一。在此过程中,“心”与“理”“气”存有复杂而纠缠的关系,其中的理论张力预示着在本体论上有所开新的契机。从“心”走向本体化的整条线索看,“仁”可贯穿“气”“理”“心”,具有超越上述三者而成为本体的可能与必然。“仁本论”作为一种新的本体论形态凸显了中国哲学的伦理特性,在现代哲学场域中,其理应成为一开放系统,在与西方哲学的对话中不断丰富自身意涵。In the history of Chinese philosophy,there are three main viewpoints about“the noumenon”:“the ontological theory of Qi”,“the ontological theory of Li”and“the ontological theory of Xin”.As far as“Xin”was concerned,there were two ways to interpret it in the Pre-Qin Confucianism:“Ren Xin”and“Tian Xin”.During the Song and Ming dynasties,scholars such as Zhang Zai,two brothers Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi,Zhu Xi,and Lu Jiuyuan,etc.studied“Xin”,yet Wang Yangming finally completed its ontological process,realizing the unification of the two approaches of the Pre-Qin Confucianism.In this process,there was a complicated and entangled relationship between“Xin”and“Li”and“Qi”,in which the theoretical tension predicted a new opportunity in the noumenology.From the whole clue of“Xin”to the noumenon,“Ren”can run through“Qi”,“Li”and“Xin”and it is possible and inevitable to surpass the above three and become the noumenon.As a new ontological form,the ontological theory of Ren highlights the ethical characteristics of Chinese philosophy.In the field of the modern philosophy,it should become an open system and enrich its connotation in the dialogue with the western philosophy.

关 键 词：仁 心 仁本论 心本论 

分 类 号：B21[哲学宗教—中国哲学]