干燥方式和臭氧对胡柚小青果干品有效成分和农残的影响  

Effects of Drying Methods and Ozone Treatment on Effective Components and Pesticide Residue in Dried Immature Huyou Fruits

作　　者：陆胜民[1] 王璐 郑美瑜[1] 汪丽霞 赵四清 朱卫东 LU Sheng-min;WANG Lu;ZHENG Mei-yu;WANG Li-xia;ZHAO Si-qing;ZHU Wei-dong(Institute of Food Science,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310021,China;Changshan Characteristic Agricultural Industry Development Center,Changshan 324200,China;Institute of Chinese Traditional Medicinal Crops,Quzhou Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Quzhou 324000,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省农业科学院食品科学研究所,浙江杭州310021 [2]常山县农业特色产业发展中心,浙江常山324200 [3]衢州市农业林业科学研究院中药材研究所,浙江衢州324000

出　　处：《保鲜与加工》2022年第8期71-75,81,共6页Storage and Process

基　　金：浙江省农业重大技术协同推广计划项目(2020XTTGZYC03)。

摘　　要：为规范常山胡柚小青果干品(衢枳壳原药材)的生产,比较了不同干燥方式(日晒、热泵、热风和柴火烘干)的胡柚小青果干品中有效成分、农残等含量,考察了臭氧对小青果中农残降解的有效性。结果表明:7月中旬加工的衢枳壳原药材中柚皮苷和新橙皮苷含量分别为6.75%~8.47%和4.39%~6.90%,其中柚皮苷以日晒、新橙皮苷以热风干燥的含量相对最高,而7月初采摘经柴火烘干的两者含量最高,分别高达12.04%和10.08%;农药残留均未检出,说明7月上中旬加工的胡柚小青果干制品均符合中药炮制规范的要求。胡柚小青果以料液比1∶15(g/mL)于0.5 mg/L臭氧水(水温10℃)中浸泡1 h,虱螨脲和噻虫嗪的降解率分别为18.92%和23.08%,而浸泡前后原料中柚皮苷和新橙皮苷的含量变化不大。研究结果对衢枳壳原药材的质量与安全管理有一定的指导意义。In order to standardize the production of dried immature fruits of Changshan-huyou(Citrus changshanhuyou Y.B.Chang,original medicinal material of Qu Aurantii Fructus),the contents of effective components and pesticide residue in immature Huyou fruits dried by different methods(sun drying,heat pump,hot-air and firewood drying)were compared,and the effectiveness of ozone treatment on degradation of pesticide residue in immature Huyou fruits was also investigated.Results indicated that naringin and neohesperidin contents in immature Huyou fruits dried in mid-July were in a range of 6.75%~8.47%and 4.39%~6.90%,respectively,among them,the highest naringin was found in sun dried sample while highest neohesperidin in hot-air dried sample.However,the highest naringin and neohesperidin contents found in the samples dried by firewood heating in early July were 12.04%and 10.08%respectively.No pesticide residues were detected,indicating that dried immature Huyou fruits processed in early and mid-July met the requirements of traditional Chinese medicine processing specifications.The degradation rates of lufenuron and thiamethoxam were 18.92%and 23.08%respectively after immature Huyou fruits were soaked in 0.5 mg/L ozone water with material-liquid ratio of 1∶15(g/mL)for 1 h at 10℃,while no obvious change was observed in naringin and neohesperidin contents of the fruits before and after soaking.The results have some instructive implications for management of quality and safety of Qu Aurantii Fructus original medicinal material.

关 键 词：胡柚小青果 衢枳壳原药材 干燥方式 臭氧处理 有效成分 农药残留 

分 类 号：TS201.2[轻工技术与工程—食品科学] TS207.53[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]