贵州省农作物废弃物资源构成及资源化利用潜力研究  

Study on the composition and resource utilization potential of crop waste resources in Guizhou Province

作　　者：余高 陈芬 张红丽 YU Gao;CHEN Fen;ZHANG Hong-li(College of Agriculture and Forestry Engineering,Tongren University,Tongren 554300,Guizhou,China;Geo-Compass Information Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]铜仁学院农林工程与规划学院,贵州铜仁554300 [2]国信司南(北京)地理信息技术有限公司,北京100048

出　　处：《粮食与油脂》2022年第8期1-4,7,共5页Cereals & Oils

基　　金：贵州省梵净山地区生物多样性保护与利用重点实验室项目(黔科合平台人才[2020]2003);铜仁市科技局产学研合作平台项目(铜市科研[2021]33号);铜仁市科学技术局计划项目(铜市科研[2021]72号)。

摘　　要：对贵州省2011~2020年主要农作物产量进行系统调查,测算出农作物废弃物产生量,分析贵州省农作物废弃物资源构成、年度变化特征以及肥料化、能源化利用潜力。结果表明:贵州省农作物废弃物总产量为928.15~1417.11万t;贵州省农作物废弃物主要以玉米、水稻、油菜、马铃薯和蔬菜为主,这5类农作物废弃物平均产量分别达到380.34、369.30、124.12、112.76和80.62万t,分别占到农作物废弃物总产量的31.88%、30.96%、10.40%、9.45%和6.76%。若将贵州省农作物废弃物肥料化,理论上2011~2020年贵州省农作物废弃物养分总量为11.05~17.28万t,可替代当年贵州省化肥用量的11.75%~21.52%,若将其能源化,理论上可折算沼气23.05×10^(8)~36.06×10^(8) m 3,是每年贵州省区域生活能源消耗量的2.30~16.35倍,环境和经济效益显著。The output of main crops in Guizhou Province from 2011 to 2020 was systematically investigate,the output of crop waste was calculated,and the composition of crop waste resources,annual change characteristics,fertilizer and energy utilization potential in Guizhou Province were analyzed.The results showed that the total output of crop waste in Guizhou Province was 9.2815~14.1711 million tons.The agricultural wastes in Guizhou Province were mainly corn,rice,rape,potato and vegetables.The average output of these five types of agricultural wastes reached 3.8034,3.693,1.2412,1.1276 and 0.8062 million tons,accounting for 31.88%,30.96%,10.40%,9.45%and 6.76%of the total output of agricultural wastes,respectively.If the crop waste in Guizhou Province was fertilized,theoretically,the total nutrient content of crop waste in Guizhou Province from 2011 to 2020 was 110500 to 172800 tons,which could replace 11.75%~21.52%of the fertilizer consumption in Guizhou Province that year.If it was converted into energy theoretically,it could be converted into biogas in theory 23.05×10^(8)~36.06×10^(8) m 3,which was 2.30~16.35 times of the annual regional domestic energy consumption in Guizhou Province,with significant environmental and economic benefits.

关 键 词：贵州省 农作物 废弃物 肥料化 能源化 资源化利用 养分替代率 

分 类 号：TS209[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]