基于滑模逆解耦的小型永磁直驱风力发电系统最大风能捕获方法  

A Maximum Wind-energy Capture Method Based on Sliding Mode Inverse Decoupling Control for Small Permanent Magnet Direct-drive Wind Turbine

作　　者：王鸿儒 张志刚 WANG Hongru;ZHANG Zhigang(School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering,Hunan University of Technology,Zhuzhou,Hunan 412007,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南工业大学电气与信息工程学院,湖南株洲412007

出　　处：《控制与信息技术》2022年第3期23-30,共8页CONTROL AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

基　　金：湖南省教育厅项目(21C0747);长沙市科技局重大专项(kq2105001)。

摘　　要：小型永磁直驱风力发电系统具有非线性、强耦合的特点以及小重量和低成本的应用要求,其若采用传统的叶尖速比法进行风电机组最大风能捕获控制,在风速变化时,会存在动态性能不佳的问题。为此,文章提出了一种基于逆系统的最大风能捕获方法,其以永磁同步发电机(PMSG)为对象,引入逆系统的方法对PMSG系统进行线性补偿。该方法需要对PMSG的转子角度、速度以及机械转矩进行观测,采用常规机械式传感器会增加小型风力发电系统的重量、体积以及设计成本,而传统的无传感器技术(如滑模观测器)又存在自身抖动大的问题。对此,文章为所提方法设计了一种改进型滑模观测器。仿真结果表明,所提控制方法相较于传统的叶尖速比法具有更好的动态解耦性能,且改进后的滑模观测器能够较大程度地消除自身抖动,并可实现在全速域内准确地观测PMSG的转子角度、速度以及机械转矩。Small wind power generation systems have the characteristics of nonlinear strong coupling and the application requirements of small weight and low cost. If the traditional blade tip speed ratio method is used for the maximum wind energy capture control of wind turbine, there is a problem of poor dynamic performance when wind speed changes. This paper proposes a maximum wind energy capture method based on an inverse system, which takes the permanent magnet synchronous generator(PMSG) as the object, and introduces a method of inverse system to linearly compensate the original system. This method needs to observe rotor angle, speed and mechanical torque of PMSG. Conventional mechanical sensors will increase the weight, volume and design cost of small wind power generation system, while traditional sensorless technologies such as sliding mode observer have their own problems of large vibration. To solve this problems, an improved sliding mode observer is designed for the proposed method. Simulation results show that the proposed control method has better dynamic decoupling performance than the traditional one, and the improved sliding mode observer can eliminate its own jitter to a great extent, and can achieve accurate observation of PMSG rotor angle, speed and mechanical torque in the full speed range.

关 键 词：永磁同步发电机 逆系统 滑模观测器 SIGMOID函数 最大风能捕获 

分 类 号：TM315[电气工程—电机]