标准模型的风噪声源及其特性分析  

The Wind Noise Source and Its Characteristic Analysis of HSM Standard Model

作　　者：胡兴军[1] 毛靖铭 张扬辉 刘一尘 马家义[1] 乔俊贤 余天明[1] Hu Xingjun;Mao Jingming;Zhang Yanghui;Liu Yichen;Ma Jiayi;Qiao Junxian;Yu Tianming(Jilin University,State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control,Changchun 130022;China FAW Car Besture Co.,Ltd.,Changchun 130022)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学,汽车仿真与控制国家重点实验室,长春130022 [2]一汽奔腾轿车有限公司,长春130022

出　　处：《汽车工程》2022年第8期1262-1271,共10页Automotive Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51875238)资助。

摘　　要：采用风洞实验与流场-声场联合仿真方法研究HSM标准模型内部噪声声源及其特性。设计5种实验工况以探究各噪声源对内部噪声的作用,并验证仿真的准确性。由薄膜模态分解分析声源成分及其贡献度,并揭示其差异机理。结果表明:风速增加,内部噪声受不同声源作用而变化的频段不同;内部噪声主要由模型前缘的分离涡及其再附着引起;分离涡产生声源激励经各窗向内传递,各窗对内部噪声贡献以左侧窗为主;声源激励由湍流压力脉动和声学压力脉动组成,前者是激励的主成分,而后者是内部噪声的主要来源,两者差异由激励与车窗波数关系引起的传递效率差异所致。The interior noise source and its characteristics of HSM standard model are studied by wind tunnel test and flow field/sound field co-simulation. Five test conditions are devised to explore the effect of each noise source on interior noise,with the accuracy of simulation verified by test. The noise source components and their contributions are analyzed by pellicular mode decomposition(PMD),with its difference mechanism revealed. The results show that with the increase of wind velocity,the changing frequency band of interior noise is different due to the effects of different noise sources. The interior noise is mainly induced by the separation vortex and its reattachment at the leading edge of the model,and the noise source excitation generated by the separation vortex is transmitted through windows,with the left window being the main contributor. The noise source excitation includes turbulent pressure fluctuation and acoustic pressure fluctuation,in which the former is the main component of the excitation,while the latter is the main source of interior noise. This difference stems from the different transfer efficiencies caused by the wavenumber relationship between the excitation and windows.

关 键 词：气动噪声 HSM标准模型 风洞实验 薄膜模态分解 

分 类 号：U467.493[机械工程—车辆工程]