不同品种酿酒葡萄果实发育期间营养物质动态变化及成熟期果实主成分分析  

Dynamic Changes of Nutrients in Different Varieties of Wine Grapes During Fruit Development Based on Principal Components

作　　者：曹炜玉 舒楠[1] 温锦丽 路文鹏[1] CAO Weiyu;SHU Nan;WEN Jinli;LU Wenpeng(Institute of Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Science,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changchun,Jilin 130117)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院特产研究所,吉林长春130117

出　　处：《北方园艺》2022年第14期16-23,共8页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划资助项目(20200402076NC)。

摘　　要：以“哈桑”“左山二”“北冰红”“左优红”“贝达”“双红”“紫晶甘露”7个品种酿酒葡萄为试材,对其形态指标和理化指标进行测定,运用相关性分析与主成分分析方法对成熟期不同品种酿酒葡萄品质进行综合评价,研究其不同发育时期营养物质变化规律以及不同品种成熟期酿酒葡萄性状差异变化,以期为开发出具有地方特色的葡萄加工制品提供参考依据。结果表明:果实发育的4个主要阶段,可溶性固形物、总糖、总花色苷、单宁、总酚含量呈现整体上升趋势,糖类物质与酚类物质在不断积累,总酸含量呈整体下降趋势,在成熟期各成分趋于稳定。在成熟期,“左优红”的可溶性固形物和总糖含量最高,“双红”的总酸和花色苷含量最高,“哈桑”的总酚含量和固酸比最高,“紫晶甘露”的单宁含量最高;对成熟期酿酒葡萄品质性状进行相关性分析与主成分分析,共提取出4个特征根大于1的主成分,4个主成分的方差贡献率分别为35.139%、25.018%、22.905%、11.985%。成熟期7个酿酒葡萄果实品质得分的优良排序为“贝达”“哈桑”“左优红”“紫晶甘露”“左山二”“双红”“北冰红”。Seven wine grape varieties,‘Hassan’‘Zuoshan′er’‘Beibinghong’‘Zuoyouhong’‘Beda’‘Shuanghong’‘Zijingganlu’were used as test materials.The indicators were measured,and the correlation analysis and principal component analysis were used to comprehensively evaluate the quality of different varieties of wine grapes at maturity,and to study the changes in nutrients in different development periods and the differences in the characteristics of wine grapes at different maturity periods,in order to provide reference for the development of grape processing products with local characteristics.The results showed that in the four main stages of fruit development,soluble solids,total sugars,total anthocyanins,tannins content and total phenols content showed an overall upward trend,the components tended to be stable during the ripening period,and total acids showed an overall downward trend.In the mature stage,‘Zuoyouhong’had the highest soluble solids content and total sugar content,‘Shuanghong’had the highest total acid and anthocyanin content,‘Hassan’had the highest total phenolic content and solid-acid ratio,and ‘Zijingganlu’had the highest tannin content.The correlation analysis and principal component analysis were carried out on the quality traits of wine grapes at the mature stage,and four principal components with characteristic roots greater than 1were extracted,and the variance contribution rates of the four principal components were 35.139%,25.018%,22.905%,11.985%.The fruit quality scores of the seven wine grapes in the ripening stage were ‘Beda’ ‘Hassan’ ‘Zuoyouhong’ ‘Zijingganlu’ ‘Zuoshan′ er’ ‘Shuanghong’ ‘Beibinghong’.

关 键 词：酿酒葡萄 发育阶段 主成分分析 品质性状 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]