沙棘果渣还田对水稻土性质、温室气体排放和微生物数量的影响  

Effects of returning seabuckthorn fruit residue into field on paddy soil properties, greenhouse gas emissions and microbial numbers

作　　者：万清 杨小渔 吴丹[2] 张奇春[1] WAN Qing;YANG Xiaoyu;WU Dan;ZHANG Qichun(Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health,College of Environmental and Resource Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China;College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学环境与资源学院,污染环境修复与生态健康教育部重点实验室,杭州310058 [2]浙江大学生物系统工程与食品科学学院,杭州310058

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2022年第4期483-492,共10页Journal of Zhejiang University:Agriculture and Life Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2021YFD1700803);浙江省重点研发计划项目(2021C04032)。

摘　　要：采用28 d的土壤培养试验,选用沙棘果渣(R)、生物质炭(B)和生物陶粒(T)3组材料,以自然培养组作为对照(CK),探讨沙棘果渣对土壤理化性质、温室气体(CO_(2)、CH_(4)和N_(2)O)排放和微生物数量等方面的影响。结果表明:沙棘果渣能够显著提升土壤中全碳、全氮、速效钾等养分的含量,平均提升率分别为16.31%、14.99%、46.15%;对土壤pH也存在一定的提升效果,提升范围为0.25~0.69。沙棘果渣还田后土壤微生物丰度显著升高,其中前14 d微生物数量较对照平均增长335.6%。对不同材料还田后的温室气体排放和全球增温潜势分析表明,与生物质炭和生物陶粒相比,沙棘果渣还田的CO_(2)排放量和全球增温潜势显著较高,但其CH_(4)排放量较小且可以显著降低N_(2)O的排放量。总体来看,沙棘果渣具有较高的还田价值,但需要考虑对温室气体排放的风险,本研究可为沙棘果渣的农业还田利用提供一定参考。To explore the effects of seabuckthorn fruit residue on soil physicochemical properties,greenhouse gas(CO_(2),CH_(4),N_(2)O)emissions,and the microbial numbers,a 28-day soil pot experiment was conducted.Three groups of materials were used,including seabuckthorn fruit residue(R),biochar(B),and biological ceramsite(T)in the experiment,and a natural culture was used as the control group(CK).The results showed that the seabuckthorn fruit residue significantly promoted the contents of soil nutrients such as total carbon,total nitrogen,and available potassium,and the average increase rates were 16.31%,14.99%,and 46.15%,respectively.Besides,the soil pH was also enhanced from 0.25 to 0.69.The microbial numbers in the soils treated with seabuckthorn fruit residue were promoted significantly.The average growth rate of microorganisms in the first 14 days was 335.6%higher than that of the control.The CO_(2) emissions and global warming potential(GWP)with the treatment of seabuckthorn fruit residue were higher of biochar(R)treatment,while the CH_(4) and N_(2)O emissions were both lower than those of biochar(B)and biological ceramsite(T)treatments.In general,the seabuckthorn fruit residue showed relatively high returning value,but its risk of greenhouse gas emission should also be considered.This study can provide some references for the practice of returning seabuckthorn fruit residue into the field.

关 键 词：沙棘果渣 生物质炭 生物陶粒 微生物数量 温室气体 土壤理化性质 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]