从词类和句法看汉语的空间性特质  

Word-class and Syntactic-structure Foundations of the Spatiality Typology of Chinese

作　　者：刘晓林[1] 王文斌[2] LIU Xiaolin;WANG Wenbin(College of Foreign Languages,Chongqing Three Gorges University,Chongqing 404100,China;China Foreign Languages and Education Research Center,Beijing International Studies University,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆三峡学院外国语学院,重庆404100 [2]北京外国语大学中国外语教育与研究中心,北京100081

出　　处：《山东外语教学》2022年第4期11-21,共11页Shandong Foreign Language Teaching

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“英汉时空性特质差异与英汉二语习得的关系研究”(项目编号:18AYY003)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：本文建基于王文斌的系列研究,对汉语偏重空间特质的类型特点从思维层次、词类、话题-评论结构、流水句和复句诸角度进行论证。研究发现:汉语名动不分阻碍了语法化的高度发展,话题-评论结构不受时间性和情态动词约束,在空间中“任意”铺排,形成流水句;汉语缺乏时间状语引导词,复句内部的构成成分是并列关系;这些特点是汉语强空间性特质的体现,同时制约着汉语向时间性特质演化。On the basis of the studies by Wang Wenbin,this paper attempts to elaborate the typology of the spatiality in Chinese from the perspectives of thinking pattern,word class,topic-comment structure,run-on sentence and complex sentence.It reveals that the non-distinction of noun and verb paves the way for the under-grammaticalization in Chinese;topic-comment structure is free from the constraints of temporality and modal verbs;and its running-on in space gives rise to run-on sentences.It also finds that there are no temporal-adverbial clause markers in Chinese that are similar to those in English and the components that comprise a complex sentence in Chinese are in a coordinating relation.All these are the manifestations of the strong spatiality in Chinese,which,in its turn,inhibits its advancement to temporality.

关 键 词：空间特质 名动不分 话题-评论结构 流水句 复句 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]