双酶水解对脱脂牛乳致敏性的影响  

Effects of Dual-Enzyme Hydrolysis on Allergenicity of Skimmed Milk

作　　者：钱冠林 孙敬 刘微 程娇 岳喜庆[1] 郑艳[1] QIAN Guanlin;SUN Jing;LIU Wei;CHENG Jiao;YUE Xiqing;ZHENG Yan(College of Food Science,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110866,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学食品学院,辽宁沈阳110866

出　　处：《乳业科学与技术》2022年第4期36-44,共9页JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划重点专项(2018YFC1604302-03);辽宁省“兴辽英才计划”科技创新领军人才项目(XLYC1902083)。

摘　　要：以水解度、分子质量分布及酶解产物对免疫球蛋白G(immunoglobulin G,IgG)和患者血清IgE结合能力为指标,采用双酶水解方法研究酶对脱脂牛乳体系主要蛋白致敏性的影响。结果表明:双酶一步水解E/S为3000 U/g、碱性蛋白酶与风味蛋白酶配比为3∶1、酶解80 min条件下脱脂牛乳中主要致敏乳蛋白酪蛋白、α-乳白蛋白、β-乳球蛋白的IgG结合能力分别显著下降74.93%、97.24%、93.46%(P<0.05);酶解破坏脱脂牛乳蛋白高级结构,使α-螺旋、β-转角结构增加,β-折叠结构减少,游离巯基含量显著增加至14.29μmol/g(P<0.05),表面疏水性增强,结构趋于松散;脱脂牛乳体系中粒子发生聚集,平均粒径显著增加至346.90 nm(P<0.05),稳定性降低;酶解产物对牛乳蛋白过敏患者血清IgE结合能力显著降低23.53%(P<0.05),综合致敏性显著下降69.60%(P<0.05)。因此双酶水解是降低脱脂牛乳致敏性的有效方法。In this study,the effect of dual-enzyme hydrolysis on the allergenicity of the major proteins in skimmed milk was evaluated based on the degree of hydrolysis,molecular mass distribution,immunoglobulin G(IgG)binding capacity and allergic patients’serum IgE binding capacity of hydrolysates.The results showed that after one-step hydrolysis for 80 min at an enzyme/substrate ratio of 3000 U/g and an Alcalase to Flavourzyme ratio of 3:1,the IgG binding capacity of casein,α-lactalbumin andβ-lactoglobulinin in skimmed milk decreased significantly by 74.93%,97.24%and 93.46%,respectively(P<0.05).The advanced structure of proteins was damaged,leading to an increase in theα-helical andβ-turn contents,and a decrease in theβ-sheet content.In addition,the free sulfhydryl content increased significantly to 14.29μmol/g(P<0.05),the surface hydrophobicity also increased,and the structure became loose.The particles in skimmed milk were aggregated,causing the average particle size to increase significantly to 346.90 nm(P<0.05)and reducing the stability of skimmed milk.The binding capacity to serum IgE from patients with milk allergy of the enzymatic hydrolysate decreased significantly by 23.53%(P<0.05),and the overall allergenicity decreased significantly by 69.60%(P<0.05).Therefore,dual-enzyme hydrolysis is an effective method to reduce the allergenicity of skimmed milk.

关 键 词：脱脂牛乳 蛋白酶 致敏性 酶联免疫吸附测定 

分 类 号：TS252.1[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]