论《庄子·骈拇》的哲学价值  

On the Philosophical Value of Extra Toe in Chuang Tzu

作　　者：杨清琦 周海春[1] YANG Qingqi;ZHOU Haichun(School of Philosophy,Hubei University,Wuhan 430062,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北大学哲学学院,湖北武汉430062

出　　处：《铜仁学院学报》2022年第4期100-111,共12页Journal of Tongren University

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“全人类共同价值研究”(21&ZD015)。

摘　　要：《庄子·骈拇》篇具有深刻的哲学价值,主要可以从五个方面来理解:其一是论辩价值,该篇以形体的“骈拇枝指”为喻,从多重论辩的路向来讨论仁义问题,为文本提供了广阔的可解释空间;其二是伦理观价值,该篇站在形体自然主义的立场,道明了仁义与道德的关系,借“五藏”“聪明”辨明了仁义的名实界限;其三是认识论价值,该篇采用解构主义的方式对仁义问题进行了认识论思考,从视觉、听觉、精神整体性以及认识内用、外用等角度对仁义进行了“知识型”的解构;其四是社会历史观价值,该篇对仁义展开的历史批判涉及到人的道德能力、“底线伦理”、仁义工具化等问题,体现出对现实的强烈关怀;其五是形而上学价值,该篇将“德→性→形”的线索贯穿全文,使得形体观、伦理观、认识论和历史观有机结合在了一起,虽是在讲形下之物,却呈现出了形而上学的哲学思考。The chapter of Extra Toe in Chuang Tzu is of profound philosophical value that will be appreciated from five perspectives.From the perspective of argumentation,it uses the“extra thumb or finger”as a metaphor for physique and body,through which benevolence and righteousness are discussed in a multi-argumentation approach.Therefore,the text can be interpreted in a broad space.From the perspective of ethic view,the relationships between benevolence,righteousness and ethics are revealed in this chapter in the view of formal naturalism.And the boundaries of benevolence and righteousness in concept and entity are distinguished under the discussion of“five zang-organs”and“intelligence”.In terms of its epistemological value,a deconstructionism approach is adopted to have an epistemological reflection on benevolence and righteousness so that a knowledge-based deconstruction is conducted on its visual significance,auditory significance,ideological integrity as well as the external and internal application of its knowledge.From the perspective of social and historical view,the historical criticism conducted on benevolence and righteousness involve issues such as the capacity of human morality,“bottom-line ethics”and instrumentalization of benevolence and righteousness.A strong concern for reality is therefore reflected.From the perspective of metaphysics,the clue of“morality→nature→shape”is implemented throughout the whole chapter so that the view of form,the ethic view,the epistemology and the historical view are combined organically.Although only physical matters are discussed,metaphysical and philosophical reflections are presented.

关 键 词：《庄子·骈拇》 哲学价值 “骈拇枝指” 仁义 道德 

分 类 号：B223.5[哲学宗教—中国哲学]