住院青少年抑郁障碍患者抑郁因子与精神病性症状的关系及影响因素分析  

Analysis of relationship between depression factors and psychotic symptoms in hospitalized adolescent patients with depressive disorder and influencing factors

作　　者：孙雨蒙 宋仕琪 高铭 周敏思 冯文泰 闫梦霄 卢建平 SUN Yumeng;SONG Shiqi;GAO Ming;ZHOU Minsi;FENG Wentai;YAN Mengxiao;LU Jianping(Shenzhen Clinical College of Mental Health,Anhui Medical University,Guangdong,Shenzhen 518000,China;Department of Pediatrics and Juvenile Psychiatry,Shenzhen Kangning Hospital,Guangdong,Shenzhen 518000,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学深圳精神卫生临床学院,广东深圳518000 [2]深圳市康宁医院儿少精神科,广东深圳518000

出　　处：《中国医药科学》2022年第15期37-41,62,共6页China Medicine And Pharmacy

基　　金：广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目(2020A1515011581)。

摘　　要：目的分析住院青少年抑郁障碍患者伴精神病性症状的特点及影响因素,以期为青少年抑郁障碍的预防和干预提供针对性的指导。方法选取2020年9月至2021年8月深圳市康宁医院儿少精神科收治的192例抑郁障碍患者,采用抑郁自评量表、精神病性体验量表和父母养育方式评价量表评价患者的心理状况,采用率和柱状图报告青少年抑郁障碍患者不同数量和类型精神病性症状发生率,分别采用χ2检验和独立样本t检验比较伴0~2种或3~5种精神病性症状的患者抑郁各因子和父母养育方式各因子评分上的差异,非条件logistic回归预测精神病性症状数量的影响因素。结果在青少年抑郁障碍患者中,93.75%的患者伴有精神病性症状,其中有5种精神病性症状的患者占比13.54%。青少年抑郁障碍患者存在多种抑郁因子(≥2种),越倾向于伴随3~4种精神病性症状。进一步分析发现,在5种抑郁因子中,均为伴有被害妄想的患者占比最多,伴有关系妄想的患者占比最少。快感缺乏因子、人际问题因子与母亲惩罚、严厉的养育方式正向预测3~5种精神病性症状(P<0.05)。结论在住院青少年抑郁障碍患者中普遍存在精神病性症状,患者存在多种抑郁因子,越倾向于伴随多种精神病性症状,快感缺乏因子、人际问题因子和母亲惩罚、严厉的养育方式是多种精神病性症状发生的危险因素。Objective To investigate and analyze the characteristics and influencing factors for hospitalized adolescents with depressive disorder complicated by psychiatric symptoms,in order to provide targeted guidance for the prevention and intervention of adolescents with depressive disorder.Methods A total of 192 patients with depressive disorder were treated in the Department of Pediatrics and Juvenile Psychiatry of Shenzhen Kangning Hospital from September 2020 to August 2021.The psychological status of patients was evaluated by the self-rating depression scale,psychotic-like experience scale and parenting style evaluation scale.The incidence of psychotic symptoms in different numbers and of various types for adolescent patients with depressive disorder were reported by histogram.Chi square test and independent sample t-test were used respectively to com pare the differences of depres sion factors and parenting s tyles in patients with 0-2 or 3-5 kinds of psychotic symptoms.Unconditional logistic regression was used to predict the influencing factors for the number of psychotic symptoms.Results 93.75%of adolescent patients with depressive disorder had psychotic symptoms,of which 13.54%had five kinds of psychotic symptoms.Adolescent patients with depressive disorder exerted a variety of depressive factors(≥2),and were more likely to be accompanied by 3-4 kinds of psychotic symptoms.Further analysis found that among the five depression factors,the patients with persecutory delusions accounted for the most,and the patients with delusions of reference accounted for the least.Anhedonia,interpersonal problem,mother’s punishment and severe parenting style positively predicted 3-5 kinds of psychotic symptoms(P<0.05).Conclusion Psychotic symptoms are common in hospitalized adolescent patients with depressive disorder.The more depression factors the patients exert,the more likely they are to be accompanied by a variety of psychotic symptoms.Anhedonia,interpersonal problem,mother’s punishment and severe parenting style are

关 键 词：青少年 抑郁障碍 精神病性症状 父母养育方式 影响因素 

分 类 号：R749.4[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]