不同溶剂浸提下核桃果实不同部位多酚物质响应及其组成  

Polyphenols Response and Composition of Walnut Fruit at Different Parts Under Different Solvents Immersion

作　　者：王纪辉 耿阳阳 刘亚娜 张时馨 胡伯凯 梁美 谭化美 何佳丽 Wang Jihui;Geng Yangyang;Liu Yana;Zhang Shixin;Hu Bokai;Liang Mei;Tan Huamei;He Jiali(Guizhou Institute of Walnut,Guiyang 550005,China;Guizhou Academy of Forestry,Guiyang 550005,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省核桃研究所,贵州贵阳550005 [2]贵州省林业科学研究院,贵州贵阳550005

出　　处：《南京师大学报（自然科学版）》2022年第3期35-45,共11页Journal of Nanjing Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(3186030247);贵州省林业局青年人才基金项目(黔林科合J字[2019]13号);贵州省核桃工程技术研究中心(黔科合平台人才[2019]5202号);贵州省木本粮油加工科技创新人才团队(黔科合平台人才[2020]5003);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2022]重点014号)。

摘　　要：研究不同溶剂浸提核桃分心木及核桃壳多酚物质含量变化及组成,为核桃副产物利用提供技术支撑.基于超声效应辅以不同溶剂浸提解析核桃分心木和核桃壳中多酚含量变化规律;其次通过HPLC(high performance liquid chromatography)鉴定分心木及壳中多酚物质组成,而后通过SEM(scanning electron microscope)观察分心木及壳的微观结构.通过多元二次回归方程模型优化出分心木和核桃壳多酚提取较佳条件为:料液比1∶59(g·mL^(-1))、处理时间31 min、甲醇浓度67%(V/V)、处理温度61℃、超声功率250 W,甲醇浸提分心木多酚得率为(72.7±1.57)mg·g^(-1),建立的多元二次回归方程为Y=71.12-0.079X_(1)+0.36X_(2)-0.13X_(3)+0.40X_(4)-0.91X_(1)X_(2)-0.17X_(1)X_(3)-0.31X_(1)X_(4)-0.45X_(2)X_(3)+0.23X_(2)X_(4)-0.60X_(3)X_(4)-2.10X_(1)^(2)-1.42X_(2)^(2)-0.68X_(3)^(2)-1.35X_(4)^(2);料液比1∶85(g·mL^(-1))、处理时间29 min、处理温度61℃、超声功率250 W,水浸提分心木多酚得率(58.06±1.62)mg·g^(-1),得到的回归方程为Y=53.96+2.19X_(1)-2.31X_(2)+1.25X_(4)-1.08X_(1)X_(2)+0.66X_(1)X_(4)-0.62X_(2)X_(4)-2.68X_(1)^(2)-5.76X_(2)^(2)-2.91X_(4)^(2);料液比1∶60(g·mL)、处理时间31 min、甲醇浓度67%(V/V)、处理温度61℃、超声功率300 W,甲醇浸提核桃壳多酚得率为(20.04±1.32)mg·g^(-1),得到的回归方程为Y=19.58+0.047X_(1)+0.35X_(2)-0.096X_(3)+0.55X_(4)-0.42X_(1)X_(2)-0.39X_(1)X_(3)+0.038X_(1)X_(4)-0.52X_(2)X_(3)+0.27X_(2)X_(4)-0.35X_(3)X_(4)-1.74X_(1)^(2)-1.28X_(2)^(2)-0.59X_(3)^(2)-1.21X_(4)^(2);料液比1∶90(g·mL^(-1))、处理时间37 min、处理温度55℃、超声功率250 W,水浸提核桃壳多酚得率达(15.43±1.18)mg·g^(-1),建立的回归方程为Y=13.77+0.45X_(1)-2.18X_(2)+0.36X_(4)-1.08X_(1)X_(2)-0.42X_(1)X_(4)+0.13X_(2)X_(4)-0.29X_(1)^(2)-3.20X_(2)^(2)+0.22X_(4)^(2).HPLC从分心木中鉴定出2种共有单体酚:没食子酸和儿茶素,没食子酸在水浸提下含量较高,儿茶素在甲醇浸提下含量较高;核桃壳中Studying the change polyphenols content of walnut diaphragma juglandis fructus and walnut shell to provide technical support for the utilization of walnut by-products.Analyzing the change and composition of polyphenols different parts of walnut fruit based on ultrasound effect by different solvent extraction.Secondly,the composition of polyphenols was identified by HPLC,and then the microstructure was observed by SEM.Walnut diaphragma juglandis fructus and shell polyphenols extraction conditions were optimized by Multivariate Quadratic Regression Equation Model.The better extraction conditions were as follows:solid to liquid ratio 1∶59(g·mL^(-1)),treatment time 31 min,methanol concentration67%,treatment temperature 61℃,ultrasound power 250 W.At this time,under methanol extraction the polyphenol yield of diaphragma juglandis fructus was(72.7±1.57)mg·g^(-1).The regression equation was established:Y=71.12-0.079X_(1)+0.36X_(2)-0.13X_(3)+0.40X_(4)-0.91X_(1)X_(2)-0.17X_(1)X_(3)-0.31X_(1)X_(4)-0.45X_(2)X_(3)+0.23X_(2)X_(4)-0.60X_(3)X_(4)-2.10X_(1)^(2)-1.42X_(2)^(2)-0.68X_(3)^(2)-1.35X_(4)^(2);solid to liquid ratio 1∶85(g·mL^(-1)),treatment time 29 min,treatment temperature 61℃,ultrasound power 250 W.At this time,under water extraction polyphenol yield of diaphragma juglandis fructus was(58.06±1.62)mg·g^(-1).The regression equation was established:Y=53.96+2.19X_(1)-2.31X_(2)+1.25X_(4)-1.08X_(1)X_(2)+0.66X_(1)X_(4)-0.62X_(2)X_(4)-2.68X_(1)^(2)-5.76X_(2)^(2)-2.91X_(4)^(2).Solid to liquid ratio 1∶60(g·mL^(-1)),treatment time 31 min,methanol concentration 67%,treatment temperature 61℃,ultrasound power 300 W.At this time,under methanol extraction polyphenol yield of walnut shell was(20.04±1.32)mg·g^(-1).The regression equation was established:Y=19.58+0.047X_(1)+0.35X_(2)-0.096X_(3)+0.55X_(4)-0.42X_(1)X_(2)-0.39X_(1)X_(3)+0.038X_(1)X_(4)-0.52X_(2)X_(3)+0.27X_(2)X_(4)-0.35X_(3)X_(4)-1.74X_(1)^(2)-1.28X_(2)^(2)-0.59X_(3)^(2)-1.21X_(4)^(2);solid to liquid ratio 1∶90(g·mL^(-1)),treatment time 37min,treatmen

关 键 词：超声效应 溶剂 核桃果实 多酚 组成 

分 类 号：TS255.1[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]