供应链成员企业投资RFID技术的激励机制:共享收入与谈判批发价的比较  

Schemes to Align Supply Chain Members’Incentives for the Investment of RFID Technology:Revenue Sharing vs.Wholesale Price Negotiation

作　　者：喻鸣谦 骆建文[1] 杨惠霄 YU Mingqian;LUO Jianwen;YANG Huixiao(Antai College of Economics and Management,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200030,China;School of Management,Zhejiang University of Technology,Hangzhou 310023,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学安泰经济与管理学院,上海200030 [2]浙江工业大学管理学院,浙江杭州310023

出　　处：《商业经济与管理》2022年第8期41-57,共17页Journal of Business Economics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“资金约束供应链融资风险的分担与转移策略研究”(71772122);国家自然科学基金重点项目“关键核心产品供应链风险防控和智能管理”(72131010);国家自然科学基金青年项目“供应商直销下的契约设计与协调机制”(71802096);广东省自然科学基金面上项目“环保政策、成本分摊与博弈模式对供应链碳减排决策的影响与协调”(2020A1515011118)。

摘　　要：许多已有研究发现供应链成员投资RFID技术的动机是一致的,它们假定投资前后的批发价能以相同方式制定。然而,供应链成员在投资前可能已达成固定的批发价。考虑包含一个制造商(她)和一个零售商(他)的供应链系统,成员可采用如分享销售收入(RS)、重新谈判批发价格(WR)、二者并用(B)的激励机制。结果发现在WR和B下,当制造商的谈判权力中等且标签成本较小时,投资RFID能实现双赢,但两家企业的投资动机不总是完全一致;当初始批发价足够高时,若制造商的谈判权力足够强,制造商和零售商对WR的偏好都高于N,对B的偏好都高于RS;当初始批发价较低时,若制造商的谈判权力中等,双方对RS的偏好都高于WR。若制造商的谈判权力较强,供应链系统在B下的收益比WR下的高;若制造商的谈判权力中等或较弱,供应链系统在B或WR下的收益都比N和RS下的高。Most existing research shows that supply chain members’incentives to employ Radio-Frequency Identification(RFID)technology are perfectly aligned.They assume that both the wholesale prices before and after RFID adoption can be freely set in the same way.Yet,the members of supply chains may reach an exogenous wholesale price before adopting RFID technology.We study a supply chain with a single manufacturer(she)and a single retailer(he).The members can adopt some incentive alignment schemes,such as sharing the sales revenue(RS),renegotiating the wholesale price(WR),or using both incentive policies(B).Our results show that under both WR and B,investing in RFID technology can bring win-win results for both firms when the manufacturer holds moderate negotiating power and the cost of RFID tags is low,but firms’incentives for RFID investment are not always aligned.Besides,when the initial wholesale price is high enough,if the negotiation power of the manufacturer is strong enough,both the manufacturer and the retailer prefer WR to N and B to RS.When the initial wholesale price is low,if the negotiation power of the manufacturer is moderate,both parties prefer RS to WR.Finally,if the negotiation power of the manufacturer is strong,the profit of the supply chain system under B is higher than that under WR;if the bargaining power of manufacturer is medium or low,the profit of supply chain system under B or WR is higher than that under N and RS.

关 键 词：议价博弈 收入共享 RFID 激励机制 契约偏好 

分 类 号：F273[经济管理—企业管理]