现代家庭教育:原型与变迁  

Modern Family Education:Archetypes and Evolution

作　　者：吴重涵 张俊 刘莎莎 Wu Chonghan;Zhang Jun;Liu Shasha(School of Education,Jiangxi Normal University,Nanchang 330022;College of Education,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048;Office of the Jiangxi Education Evaluation and Assessment Institute,Nanchang 330038)

机构地区：[1]江西师范大学教育学院,南昌330022 [2]首都师范大学教育学院,北京100048 [3]江西省教育评估监测研究院办公室,南昌330038

出　　处：《教育研究》2022年第8期54-66,共13页Educational Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金2018年度教育学重点课题“家校合作的国际经验与本土化实践研究”(课题批准号:AHA180014)的研究成果。

摘　　要：现代家庭教育是在现代家庭制度中,影响儿童发展的环境和社会交往活动,是历史和社会建构的产物。从教育原型看,家庭教育的本质是一种比学校教育更接近教育原型的教育类型。从与学校教育关系看,家庭教育经历了从教育作用与社会成员资格认可制度合一,到整体教育向单一的现代学校让渡,再走向家庭的教育作用与学校的社会认可,以及家庭对教育代理权逐步收回的矛盾过程和趋势;生活教育与系统知识教育分别成为家庭教育和学校教育的两条主线并出现了融合的趋势。从与现代家庭的关系来看,家庭教育是一个自我教育、教养和教育统一的过程;家庭在儿童发展过程中,起着宏观的社会经济文化结构与变化和儿童的生命历程之间的中介性制度作用;儿童接受现代家庭生活不同形式的影响,并接受父母对其整体教育和社会经历的期望、规划和安排。现代家庭教育呈现一种家庭作为特殊社会组织的影响、家庭生活和父母教养组成的嵌套结构,家庭教育的新的概念体系由此演绎。Modern family education,an environmental and social interaction that affects children’s development in the modern family system,is a historically and socially constructed product. From the perspective of educational archetypes,family education is in essence a type of education that is closer to the archetype of education than school education. In terms of the relationship with school education,family education successively experienced a contradictory process:the integration of the role of education with the qualification accreditation for members of society,the transition from holistic education to a modern school,the role of family education and the social recognition of the school,and the family’s gradual withdrawal of its right to empower the school to act as an agent in education;presently,life education and systemized knowledge education have become the major lines of family education and school education,respectively,and they tend to integrate with each other. In terms of the relationship with modern family,family education is a unified process of self-education,parenting and education;in children’s development,a family mediates between the changeable macro socio-economic and cultural structure and children’s life course;influenced by different forms of modern family life,children accept their parents’ expectations,planning and arrangement for their overall education and social experiences. Modern family education presents a nested structure integrating the influence of the family as a special social organization,family life and parenting,thus deducing the new conceptual system of family education.

关 键 词：家庭教育 教育原型 生活教育 学校教育 家庭制度 

分 类 号：G78[文化科学—教育学]