基于相空间重构技术的断路器振动信号边缘特征提取  

Edge Feature Extraction of Circuit Breaker Vibration Signal Based on Phase Space Reconstruction

作　　者：盛健 银星茜 邓玮丹 袁欢 杨爱军[2] 王小华[2] 荣命哲[2] SHENG Jian;YIN Xingxi;DENG Weidan;YUAN Huan;YANG Aijun;WANG Xiaohua;RONG Mingzhe(Guangzhou Shike High Tech.Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510540,China;State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市世科高新技术有限公司,广州510540 [2]西安交通大学电力设备电气绝缘国家重点实验室,西安710049

出　　处：《高压电器》2022年第9期27-36,共10页High Voltage Apparatus

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(高压GIS寿命评估中的多参量传感技术及智能诊断算法研究)。

摘　　要：机械故障是断路器发生的主要故障之一,断路器分合闸过程中产生的振动信号可以有效反应其运行状态。针对现有的时频域分析等线性分析方法在提取断路器振动信号时存在的局限性,提出并探讨了一种基于相空间重构的断路器振动信号边缘特征提取方法,用于刻画断路器的非线性特征,为断路器的状态诊断提供依据。搭建故障模拟平台模拟断路器正常状态、触头磨损、线圈老化、低操作电压、合闸弹簧失效的振动信号;结合分形理论和边缘检测算法提取振动信号的边缘图像和边缘特征量,从边缘图像形态、边缘特征量大小和重构后断路器动力系统能量3个角度分析了边缘特征对断路器振动信号评估的有效性;研究了不同边缘检测算法和空间维度对边缘特征提取的影响。研究结果表明,在特定的空间维度下,提取的边缘特征能够区分不同的断路器机械状态,具有一定的应用前景。Mechanical fault is one of the main faults of circuit breaker,and the vibration signal generated during the opening and closing period of circuit breaker can effectively reflect its operating condition.Aiming at the limitation of the existing linear analysis methods such as time-frequency domain analysis in extracting circuit breaker vibration signals,a kind of method for extracting edge characteristics of circuit breaker vibration signals based on phase space reconstruction is proposed and discussed,which is used to characterize the nonlinear characteristics of circuit break-er and provide a basis for the condition diagnosis of circuit breakers.The fault simulation platform is set up to simu-late the vibration signal of the normal condition,contact wear,coil aging,low operating voltage and closing spring fail-ure.The edge image and edge characteristics of the vibration signal is extracted in combination with fractal theory and edge detection algorithm,and the effectiveness of the edge characteristics on the vibration signal diagnosis is an-alyzed from such three perspectives as the shape of the edge image,the value of the edge feature and the energy of the reconstructed circuit breaker power system.The influence of different edge detection algorithms and spatial dimen-sions on edge feature extraction is studied.The study results show that,under specific spatial dimension,the extract-ed edge characteristics can distinguish mechanical conditions of different circuit breakers and have certain applica-tion prospects.

关 键 词：断路器 振动信号 特征提取 相空间重构 

分 类 号：TM561[电气工程—电器]