外科实习护生锐器伤职业暴露认知现状及影响因素分析  

Analysis of cognitive status and influencing factors of occupational exposure to sharps injuries among surgical interns

作　　者：仵晓荣[1] 杜媛媛 刘红梅[1] 秦佳蕊 付佳 WU Xiaorong;DU Yuanyuan;LIU Hongmei;QIN Jiarui;FU Jia(Shanxi Provincial People's Hospita,Xi'an,710068,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省人民医院,陕西省西安市710068 [2]甘肃省兰州市兰州大学第二医院

出　　处：《护理实践与研究》2022年第18期2713-2716,共4页Nursing Practice and Research

基　　金：陕西省人民医院护理科研项目(编号:2017HL-01)。

摘　　要：目的调查外科实习护生锐器伤情况,为完善锐器伤职业防护策略提供科学依据。方法自行编制外科实习护生锐器伤调查表,对西安市内11家三级医院、414名外科实习护生进行调查。结果锐器伤调查表结果显示,84.06%的实习护生在外科实习前曾接受过学校或医院锐器伤培训,锐器伤发生率为83.57%;实习前主动了解锐器伤防护知识66.91%,工作中特别小心、防止锐器伤59.90%;针头使用后利器盒的正确使用45.89%,玻璃安瓿容易造成锐器伤的了解42.03%;操作后立即处理锐器66.91%,进行锐器操作前评估57.97%,单手回套针帽习惯49.03%,锐器伤后戴双层手套40.10%。单因素分析结果显示,不同性别、医院级别、学历的外科实习护生发生锐器伤比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),年龄和所在科室的外科护生发生锐器伤比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示,外科实习护生锐器伤情况的影响因素是性别和实习医院的级别(P<0.05)。结论外科实习护生锐器伤发生率高,风险较高且认知存在不足,学校和医院应高度重视,强化培训,完善制度流程,以加强外科实习护生的职业防护。Objective To investigate the situation of sharps injuries among surgical interns and to provide scientific basis for improving occupational protection strategies for sharps injuries.Methods A survey form of sharps injuries among surgical intern nursing students was prepared by themselves,and a survey was conducted among 11 tertiary hospitals and 414 surgical intern nursing students in Xi’an.Results The results of the sharps injury questionnaire showed that 84.06%of the interns had received sharps injury training in schools or hospitals before surgical practice,and the incidence of sharps injury was 83.57%;before the internship,66.91%of them took the initiative to understand the knowledge of sharps injury protection,and 59.90%of them were especially careful to prevent sharps injuries at work;the correct use of sharps box after needle use is 45.89%,and the understanding that glass ampoules are likely to cause sharps injury is 42.03%;66.91%handled sharps immediately after operation,57.97%assessed before sharps operation,49.03%used one-handed trocar cap habit,and 40.10%wore double gloves after sharps injury.Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the incidence of sharps injuries among surgical intern nursing students of different genders,hospital levels and educational backgrounds(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference in the incidence of sharps injuries among surgical nursing students of different ages and different departments(P>0.05).The results of binary Logistic regression analysis showed that the infl uencing factors of sharps injury among surgical trainee nurses were gender and the level of trainee hospital(P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of sharps injury among surgical interns was high,the risk was high and the cognition was insufficient.Schools and hospitals should attach great importance to it,strengthen training,and improve the system process to strengthen the occupational protection of surgical interns.

关 键 词：外科实习 护生 锐器伤 影响因素 防护 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]