魔芋葡甘露聚糖脱乙酰基凝胶化研究及应用  

Study and application on the deacetylated gelation of konjac glucomannan

作　　者：侯燕杰 殷军艺 聂少平 HOU Yanjie;YIN Junyi;NIE Shaoping(College of Food Science and Technology,Nanchang University,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology,China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology(Nanchang),Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province,Nanchang 330031,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌大学食品学院,食品科学与技术国家重点实验室,中国-加拿大食品科学与技术联合实验室(南昌),江西省生物活性多糖重点实验室,江西南昌330031

出　　处：《陕西师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第5期37-50,共14页Journal of Shaanxi Normal University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31825020)。

摘　　要：魔芋葡甘露聚糖(konjac glucomannan,KGM)是魔芋块茎的主要成分之一,KGM脱乙酰基能提高其热稳定性,形成弹性较高的不可逆凝胶,使KGM可以被应用于食品、材料、医药等领域。考虑到脱乙酰基对KGM特性及其在生产应用中的重要性,综述了乙酰基对KGM溶解度、结晶度、构象等理化性质的影响,总结了碱及其结合机械、加热等条件脱去KGM乙酰基的方法,对基于傅里叶变换红外光谱、荧光光谱、流变学、扩散光谱学、扫描电子显微镜、原子力显微镜、X-射线衍射、热分析、动态光散射等的KGM脱乙酰基表征技术进行了系统比较。在此基础上,重点阐述和分析了KGM脱乙酰基形成凝胶的机理及KGM浓度、碱的种类和浓度、温度、盐、乙醇等因素对KGM凝胶化的影响,最后对脱乙酰基KGM的探索性应用及未来研究方向、应用前景进行了总结和展望,旨在为KGM后续深化研究和产业化应用提供参考和借鉴。Konjac glucomannan(KGM)is one of the main components in konjac tuber.The deacetylation of KGM can improve its thermal stability and form irreversible gel with high elasticity,so that KGM can be used in food,materials,medicine and other fields.Considering the importance of deacetylation to the properties and industrial application of KGM,the effects of acetyl group on the solubility,crystallinity,conformation and other physicochemical properties of KGM are reviewed.The methods of removing acetyl group from KGM by alkali and its combination with mechanical and heating conditions are summarized.The characterization techniques of KGM deacetylation are systematically compared based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,fluorescence spectroscopy,rheology,diffusion spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy,atomic force microscopy,X-ray diffraction,thermal analysis,dynamic light scattering and so on.On these basis,the formation mechanism of KGM deacetylated gel as well as the influence of KGM concentration,alkali type and concentration,temperature,salt and ethanol on KGM gelation are elaborated and analyzed.Finally,the exploratory application of deacetylated KGM is listed and its future research direction and application are prospected,aiming to provide detailed reference for further KGM research and industrial application.

关 键 词：魔芋 葡甘露聚糖 脱乙酰基 凝胶化 应用 

分 类 号：O629[理学—有机化学]