幸福追求权的规范依据、理论证成与权利构造  

The Right to Pursue Happiness:Normative Basis,Theoretical Justification and Right Structure

作　　者：赵剑文 Zhao Jianwen(Guanghua Law School,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310008)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学光华法学院,浙江杭州310008

出　　处：《河南财经政法大学学报》2022年第5期22-33,共12页Journal of Henan University of Economics and Law

基　　金：2018年国家社会科学基金重大项目“深化司法体制改革和现代科技应用相结合的难点与路径研究”(项目编号:18ZDA137)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：自习近平总书记提出“人民幸福生活是最大的人权”这一重大人权命题后,“幸福追求权”愈发成为不容忽视的实践与学术话语。作为一项基本权利,幸福追求权在国际人权法和域内外宪法文本中均存有规范依据。借助阿列克西提出的由实际意义、政治正当性和高权利位阶构成的宪法权利三要素论,该权利的基本权利属性可以获得理论证成。在规范构造上,免于恐惧、生活安宁、自我决定和获得成就构成了该权利的防御权功能体系,最低生活保障请求权构成了受益权功能体系,制度性保障、组织和程序保障与放射效力则共同构成其客观法面向。作为一种内涵于自然秩序的重要法则,追求幸福具备良好的“兼容性”,能够反映人类的本质需求,在幸福追求权的引领下,人类命运共同体的构建将获得有力推动。Since General Secretary Xi Jinping put forward the major human rights proposition that“people’s happy life is the greatest human right”,“the right to pursue happiness”has increasingly become a practical and academic discourse that cannot be ignored.As a fundamental right,the right to pursue happiness has normative basis in international human rights law and constitutional texts at home and abroad.With the help of Alexy’s three-element theory of constitutional right,which is composed of practical significance,political legitimacy and high right rank,the fundamental right attribute of this right can be proved theoretically.In terms of normative structure,freedom from fear,peace of life,self-determination and achievement constitute the functional system of the right to defense,the right to claim for minimum living security constitutes the functional system of beneficial right,and institutional guarantee,organizational and procedural guarantee and radiation effect constitute the objective legal aspect of it.As an important law in the natural order,the pursuit of happiness has good“compatibility”and can reflect the essential needs of human beings.Under the guidance of the right to pursue happiness,the construction of the community of shared future for mankind will be strongly promoted.

关 键 词：幸福追求权 基本权利 主观权利 客观价值秩序 人类命运共同体 

分 类 号：D911.01[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]