社交技能训练对自闭症谱系障碍患儿母亲疾病不确定感干预效果研究  

Social skill training for children with autistic spectrum disorder on the uncertainty of the disease from mothers

作　　者：祖燕飞 杜亚松[2] 周颖群 樊宁 朱书仪 曹阳 江文庆[6] 徐光兴[7] ZU Yanfei;DU Yasong;ZHOU Yingqun;FAN Ning;ZHU Shuyi;CAO Yang;JIANG Wenqing;XU Guangxing(Shanghai University of Medicine&Health Sciences/Department of Applied Psychology,Shanghai 201318,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]上海健康医学院心理健康教育与咨询中心,上海201318 [2]上海交通大学医学院附属精神卫生中心 [3]上海新华医院发育行为与儿童保健科 [4]上海交通大学附属精神卫生中心 [5]苏州大学附属广济医院精神科 [6]上海市精神卫生中心儿少科 [7]华东师范大学心理与认知科学学院

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2022年第8期1249-1253,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：国家重点研发计划重大慢性非传染性疾病防控研究子课题(2017YFC1309900);上海市徐汇区人工智能医疗院地合作项目(2020016)。

摘　　要：目的应用教育和拓展社交技能项目(简称“PEERS~?社交技术”)提高自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)患儿的社交能力,降低患儿母亲的疾病不确定感和不良情绪。方法于2017年9—10月,从上海市某特殊教育培训机构招募30对自闭症患儿母子,采用抽签法分为干预组和对照组(各15对母子)。基于PEERS~?社交干预技术内容,采用认知行为团体形式,通过示范、角色扮演,小组演练方式,同时对自闭症患儿母子平行进行社交技术训练。干预前后分别使用疾病不确定感父母量表(PPUS)、患者健康问卷抑郁分表(PHQ-9)、贝克抑郁量表第二版中文版(BDI-Ⅱ-C)、贝克焦虑量表(BAI)、状态-特质焦虑问卷(STAI-Form Y)对母亲进行调查,使用自闭症患儿行为量表(ABC)、自闭症患儿症状量表(CARS)、社会交往问卷(SCQ)对ASD患儿进行调查。结果干预组患儿行为量表和母亲的情绪量表得分前后测差值均小于0。干预后,干预组母亲与对照组母亲的疾病不确定感总分(74.93±13.58,90.40±9.21)及不明确性(31.13±7.07,38.93±4.73)、缺乏信息(11.93±2.09,13.80±2.54)、不可预测(9.60±1.99,12.07±2.89)比较差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为-3.65,-3.55,-2.20,-2.72,P值均<0.05)。结论社交PEERS~?团体干预能够提高ASD患儿的社交技巧,降低疾病不确定感各维度对母亲的影响。及时、有效的提供疾病相关信息,帮助母亲积极参与患儿的照顾与训练,可减少认知偏差、降低抑郁、焦虑等不良情绪。Objective To improve the social skills of children with ASD by using Program for the Education and Enrichment of Relational Skills(PEERS^(?)),and to reduce the uncertainty towards ASD and negative emotions for mothers of ASD children.Methods From September to October 2017,30 dyads of autistic mother and child were recruited and divided into intervention group and control group(15 mother-child dyads each).Based on the content of PEERS^(?)social skill,cognitive behavior therapy was delivered in group format,through demonstration,role play and group exercise.At the same time,mother-child dyads were trained using parallel social technology.Mothers and children with ASD were investigated using Parents’Perception of Uncertainty Scale(PPUS),Patient Health Questionnaire-9(PHQ-9),Chinese Version of the Beck Depression Inventory-II(BDI-Ⅱ-C),Beck Anxiety Inventory(BAI),State-Trait Anxiety Inventory(STAI-Form Y),and Autism Behavior Checklist(ABC),Cildhood Autism Rating Scale(CARS),and Social Communication Questionnaire(SCQ).Results Changes in ASD symptom score in children and emotional score of mothers in the intervention group were less than 0.The total score of mother disease uncertainty(74.93±13.58,90.40±9.21),ambiguity(31.13±7.07,38.93±4.73),lack of clarity information(11.93±2.09,13.80±2.54),unpredictability(9.60±1.99,12.07±2.89),significantly changed after intervention(t=-3.65,-3.55,-2.20,-2.72,P<0.05).Conclusion Social PEERS^(?)group intervention can enhance the social skills of children with ASD,reduce uncertainty of illness among mother of ASD children.Timely disease-related information,guidance for mothers to actively participate in child care and training,might help to reduce cognitive bias,depressive and anxiety symptoms among mothers.

关 键 词：孤独性障碍 人际关系 团体处理 干预性研究 儿童 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] R748[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] B844.2[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]