地下铲运机自动称重高精度模型与影响因素分析  

Automatic weighing high-precision model & multiple influence factors of Load Haul Dumper

作　　者：王凯 李恒通 王振启[3] 杨支海 高泽宇 张元清 WANG Kai;LI Hengtong;WANG Zhenqi;YANG Zhihai;GAO Zeyu;ZHANG Yuanqing(BGRIMM Technology Group,Beijing 100160,China;BGRIMM Machinery and Automation Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100160,China;Zijin Mining Group Co.,Ltd.,Shanghang Fujian 361008,China;Huize Smelting Branch of Yunnan Chihong Zinc Germanium Co.,Ltd.,Qujing Yunnan 654211,China)

机构地区：[1]矿冶科技集团有限公司,北京100160 [2]北矿机电科技有限责任公司,北京100160 [3]紫金矿业集团股份有限公司,福建上杭361008 [4]云南驰宏锌锗股份有限公司会泽冶炼分公司,云南曲靖654211

出　　处：《有色金属（矿山部分）》2022年第5期148-154,共7页NONFERROUS METALS(Mining Section）

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC0604400)。

摘　　要：目前,地下铲运机自动称重技术在各大矿山的应用越来越广泛,但计量精度仍然较低,有待进一步提升。基于基本的称重力学理论模型,举升油缸油压是自动称重的核心变量。在实际称重过程中,有多个影响因素(发动机转速、液压油温、大臂举升角、阀门开度)会对举升油压产生影响,进而对称重结果产生影响。但以往的自动称重,往往不考虑对油压的多个影响因素。通过对称重过程中多参数耦合情况进行建模和生产环境分析,排除了液压油温的影响;通过电控系统精确控制,排除了阀门开度的影响。后续通过对车辆的改造和电控系统的开发,实现对发动机转速精确控制,对大臂举升角精确测量。在矿石质量2000 kg时,对不同转速、不同大臂举升角进行试验,提出了最优的称重区间:发动机转速为1500 rpm,大臂举升角β从87.5°到97.5°。在最优称重区间,在2000、3000、4000 kg的矿石质量下,找出油压的变化规律,之后建立了称重修正曲线方程,达到了1.85%的计量精度。Nowadays,the automatic weighing technology of Load Haul Dumper(LHD)was used more and more widely in big mines all over the country,however,the weighing measurement accuracy is still relatively low.The main purpose of this paper is to improve the measurement accuracy of LHD.Based on the weighing mechanics theoretical model,lifting cylinder hydraulic pressure is the core factor of automatic weighing.By analyzing,there are several influencing factors of lifting cylinder hydraulic pressure in the automatic weighing process of LHD.The factors,including engine speed,hydraulic oil temperature,big arm angle,and solenoid valve opening,affected the automatic weighing results.However,the factors were not considered in the past automatic weighing methods.In this paper,the modeling analysis of the automatic weighing process based on multiple parameter coupling was built.By analyzing the production environment,the factor of hydraulic oil temperature was ruled out.Through precise control of the electrical system,the factor of solenoid valve opening was ruled out.Then,through the transformation of LHD and the development of electronic control system,the precise control of engine speed&accurate measurement of big arm angle could be realized.When the mineral weight was 2000 kg,weight tests were done to find out the optimal interval at different engine speeds&different big arm angles.The optimal interval including engine speed was 1500 rpm,big arm angle was from 87.5°to 97.5°.By analyzing the weighing experimental data in optimal intervals with 2000 kg,3000 kg,and 4000 kg,the hydraulic pressure change rule of different conditions was found.The weighing equation was established.The maximum automatic weighing error is less than 1.85%.

关 键 词：自动称重 地下铲运机 最优称重区间 多因素 油压变化规律 大臂举升角 发动机转速 

分 类 号：TD422.4[矿业工程—矿山机电]