米糠液态发酵紫色红曲霉产色素的营养因子优化  

Optimization nutrients for pigments production by Monascus purpureus using rice bran as substrate in submerged fermentation

作　　者：夏欣欣 陈迪[1] 姜凌 郭明伟 刘曼丽 孙晶晶 吴兴泉[1] XIA Xinxin;CHEN Di;JIANG Ling;GUO Mingwei;LIU Manli;SUN Jingjing;WU Xingquan(College of Biological Engineering,Henan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]河南工业大学生物工程学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《河南工业大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第4期61-69,共9页Journal of Henan University of Technology：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31801512);小麦和玉米深加工国家工程实验室开放课题(NL2018002)。

摘　　要：红曲色素(Monascus pigments)是红曲霉重要的次级代谢产物,通常以大米为基质发酵制得。为了降低红曲色素的生产成本,提高产量,选取大米副产物米糠为基质液态发酵生产红曲色素。在单因素试验的基础上,选取甘露醇、硫酸锌、硝酸铵进行最陡爬坡试验,确定中心点后以505 nm处的色价为响应值进行响应面优化,通过薄层色谱和高效液相色谱分析优化后色素的组分变化。结果表明:甘露醇5.10%、硫酸锌0.40%、硝酸铵1.00%是米糠发酵产色素的最优培养基组分,优化后所得色素的色价为1 250.83 U/g,与预测值十分接近,是优化前纯米糠发酵色价的11.78倍;薄层和液相色谱表明,优化后6种主要红曲色素产量明显提高,其中2种红色素含量最高,其次是2种橙色素和黄色素;优化后培养基发酵所得色素的色价可达大米培养基的71.41%,橘霉素则为大米培养基的26.13%,具有更高的安全性。以米糠为基质添加外源营养因子甘露醇、ZnSO_(4)、NH_(4)NO_(3)能显著提高红曲色素的产量,为低成本生产红曲色素提供了技术支撑。Monascus pigments(MPs),the secondary metabolites produced by Monascus purpureus,are usually fermented with rice.Monascus pigments not only have anti-inflammatory,anti-cancer,anti-obesity,hypoglycemicand other effects,but also can be used for food coloring in different colors.In recent years,MPs have become one of the fastest developing food additives among microbial natural pigments.The rice bran was investigated as a substrate for utilization in submerged fermentation,which was used to reduce the cost of MPs production,improve the ability of Monascus purpureus to produce Monascus pigments,and increase the added value of rice bran.Three nutrients,mannitol,ZnSO_(4) and NH_(4)NO_(3),were selected by the single factor test,and their additive amounts were optimized by response surface optimization.Characteristics of MPs were analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography(HPLC)and Thin-Layer Chromatography(TLC),and their safety was verified by the detection of citrinin.The single factor test showed the following results:xylose,xylitol,fructose and mannitol in carbon source could promote the production of MPs,the color value of mannitol was the highest,reaching 1138.90 U/g at 505 nm;NaNO_(3) and NH_(4) NO_(3) in nitrogen source could promote the production of MPs,the color value of NH_(4)NO_(3) was 252.64 U/g at 505 nm;ZnSO_(4) in inorganic salt was beneficial to the production of pigments,and the color value was 396.00 U/g at 505 nm.The response surface center was determined as mannitol(5.10%),ZnSO_(4)(0.40%),and NH_(4) NO_(3)(1.00%)by the steepest climbing test.The response surface results showed that the maximum yields of MPs were obtained by rice bran(5.00%),added with manni-tol(5.10%),ZnSO_(4)(0.40%),and NH_(4) NO_(3)(1.00%).The color value of MPs after optimization was 1250.83 U/g,which was 11.78 times the equivalents of pure rice bran fermentation.At the same time,the optimized color value was 71.41% of rice color value.Six major components of MPs were signifi-cantly improved by response surface optimization

关 键 词：红曲色素 色价 色素组分 响应面优化 色谱分析 

分 类 号：TS201.3[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]