2018-2020年无锡市食源性疾病哨点医院主动监测结果分析  

Analysis on active surveillance results of sentinel hospitals for foodborne diseases in Wuxi City from 2018-2020

作　　者：王小娜 周伟杰[1] 任梁[1] WANG Xiao-na;ZHOU Wei-jie;REN Liang(School and Food Safety Department,Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuxi Jiangsu,214023,China)

机构地区：[1]无锡市疾病预防控制中心学校与食品安全科,江苏无锡214023

出　　处：《职业与健康》2022年第18期2494-2498,共5页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的了解无锡市食源性疾病流行病学特征,为科学防控和有效降低食源性疾病提供参考依据.方法收集在2018-2020年无锡市各哨点医院上报的食源性疾病监测报告系统里留有粪便标本的病例数据开展病原学检测,分析无锡市食源性疾病患病现状.结果2018-2020年无锡市共上报16777例食源性疾病病例,其中采集粪便样本2465份,检出阳性677例,阳性检出率为27.5%.不同性别人群粪便病原体阳性检出率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);<5岁人群中阳性检出率最高(38.14%),其次是25-<45岁人群(27.37%);江阴市病原体阳性检出率最高,为41.28%,其次是锡山区(29.76%);不同年龄、职业和地区人群病原体阳性检出率差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05).在采集的粪便样本病例中,自述可疑食物为肉及肉制品的构成比最高(16.63%),2018-2020年第3季度(7-9月)病原体阳性检出率最高,检出率达10.59%,其中致泻大肠埃希菌检出率最高(8.03%),其次是诺如病毒(7.63%).结论无锡市食源性疾病在夏秋季高发,致泻大肠埃希菌和诺如病毒是主要病原体.应重点关注儿童和中青年人群,江阴市应加强监测能力和宣传教育力度,以预防食源性疾病的发生.Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of foodborne diseases in Wuxi City,provide a reference for scientific prevention and control and effective reduction of foodborne diseases. Methods Based on the data reported by the foodborne disease surveillance report system of sentinel hospitals in Wuxi City from 2018 to 2020,the data of cases with stool specimens were collected to conduct pathogen detection,and the current status of foodborne diseases in Wuxi City was analyzed.Results From 2018 to 2020,a total of 16 777 cases of foodborne diseases were reported in Wuxi City,of which 2 465 stool samples were collected,and 677 were positive,with the positive rate of 27.5%. There was no statistically significant difference in the positive rate of stool samples between gender groups(P>0.05). The positive detection rate was the highest in children aged<5 years old(38.14%),followed by people aged 25-<45 years old(27.37%). The positive rate of pathogens in Jiangyin City was the highest(41.28%),followed by Xishan District(29.76%). The differences in the positive rates of pathogens were statistically significant in groups of different age,occupation and region(all P<0.05). Among the sample cases collected,meat and meat products constituted the highest proportion of self-reported suspicious foods(16.63%). The detection rate of pathogens was the highest in the third quarter( July to September) from 2018 to 2020,which was 10.59%. Among them,the detection rate of diarrheal Escherichia coli was the highest(8.03%),followed by norovirus(7.63%). Conclusion The foodborne diseases occur frequently in the summer and autumn in Wuxi City,and diarrheal Escherichia coli and norovirus are the main pathogens. It is necessary to pay special attention to children and young and middle-aged people. Jiangyin City should strengthen monitoring capacity and publicity and education to prevent the occurrence of foodborne diseases.

关 键 词：食源性疾病 主动监测 哨点医院 流行病学特征 

分 类 号：R155.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]