天山郁金香鳞茎营养成分和生物活性物质含量分析  

Analysis of the Content of the Nutritive Components and Active Substances in the Bulbs of Tulipa tianschanica

作　　者：张艳秋[1] 邢桂梅[1] 鲁娇娇[1] 张惠华[1] 吴天宇[1] 屈连伟[1] ZHANG Yanqiu;XING Guimei;LU Jiaojiao;ZHANG Huihua;WU Tianyu;QU Lianwei(Institute of Floriculture,Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shenyang,Liaoning 110161)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省农业科学院花卉研究所,辽宁沈阳110161

出　　处：《北方园艺》2022年第17期64-68,共5页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系花卉沈阳综合试验站资助项目(CARS-23-G57);辽宁省农业科学院学科建设计划资助项目(2019DD051608);辽宁省农业科学院农业种质资源发掘、创制与利用专项资助项目(2021GR2908);辽宁省农业科学院院长基金资助项目(2022MS0403) 辽宁省“兴辽英才计划”资助项目(XLYC1907045);沈阳市中青年科技创新人才支持计划资助项目(RC210238);沈阳市种业创新专项资助项目(21-110-3-14);辽宁省民生科技计划资助项目(2021JH2/10200026)。

摘　　要：以天山郁金香鳞茎为试材,对不同时期鳞茎中基本营养成分和生物活性物质进行测定分析,探索中国分布的天山郁金香食药用开发价值,以期为中国野生郁金香资源的开发利用提供参考依据。结果表明:天山郁金香鳞茎中富含蛋白质、淀粉、粗纤维、多糖、维生素C和钙等营养成分。随着母球消耗和更新球的不断发育,鳞茎中蛋白质、粗纤维、维生素C和钙含量呈现先降低后增加的变化,淀粉含量一直增加,多糖含量呈现先降低后升高再降低的变化。在萌芽期,粗纤维和维生素C含量最高,分别为(7.679±0.172)g·(100g)^(-1)、(49.851±0.636)mg·(100g)^(-1);枯萎期的多糖含量最高,为(41.787±2.395)g·(100g)^(-1);在休眠期,蛋白质、淀粉和钙含量最高,分别为(18.937±0.144)g·(100g)^(-1)、(19.197±0.270)g·(100g)^(-1)、(442.469±2.342)mg·(100g)^(-1)。此外,鳞茎中还含有氨基酸、还原糖、皂苷、黄酮、鞣质、脂肪、铁、锌及少量秋水仙碱等成分,其中,秋水仙碱含量为(9.277±0.266)~(19.394±0.456)μg·(100g)^(-1)。The bulbs of Tulipa tianschanica were used as test materials, the basic nutritional components and bioactive substances in bulbs of different periods were determined and analyzed to explore the edible and medicinal development value of T.tianschanica distributed in China, in order to provide reference for the development and utilization of wild T.tianschanica resources in China.The results showed that the bulbs of T.tianschanica were rich in protein, starch, crude fiber, polysaccharide, vitamin C and calcium ect..With the original bulb consumption and regeneration bulb′s development, the contents of protein, crude fiber, vitamin C and calcium in bulb were firstly decreased and then increased, the starch content kept increasin, while the contents of polysaccharide were decreased firstly, then increased and then decreased.The highest contents of crude fiber and vitamin C were in sprout period, which were(7.679±0.172)g·(100 g)^(-1),(49.851±0.636)mg·(100 g)^(-1)respectively.The highest content of polysaccharide was(41.787±2.395)g·(100 g)^(-1)in wilting period.The highest contents of protein, starch and calciumand were(18.937±0.144)g·(100 g)^(-1),(19.197±0.270)g·(100 g)^(-1)and(442.469±2.342)mg·(100 g)^(-1)respectively in dormancy period.Furthermor, the bulb also contains amino acids, reducing sugars, saponins, flavonoids, tannins, fats, iron, zinc and small amounts of colchicine.The contents of colchicine ranged from(9.277±0.266)μg·(100 g)^(-1)to(19.394±0.456)μg·(100 g)^(-1).

关 键 词：天山郁金香 鳞茎 营养成分 生物活性物质 

分 类 号：S682.263[农业科学—观赏园艺]