环境关心、政府评价与农民环境抗争——基于华北冀县调查数据的实证分析  

Environmental Concern, Governmental Evaluation and the Peasants’ Environmental Protest:An Empirical Analysis Based on the Data of Social Survey in Ji County, North China

作　　者：刘伟 LIU Wei

机构地区：[1]福州大学社会学系

出　　处：《社会学评论》2022年第5期202-219,共18页Sociological Review of China

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(19JJD840002);北京市社会科学基金青年项目(18SRC018);中国人民大学“双一流”建设重大项目(15XNLG04)。

摘　　要：农民环境抗争是国内社会学界关注的一个焦点议题。本文基于集体行动研究的情感分析视角,以农民环境关心强弱和政府评价高低的不同组合为切入点,主要关注哪些人更有可能认同并实际参与环境抗争。对华北冀县2017年的一项调查数据进行分析后发现,在环境关心和政府评价的四个组合类型中,那些“强关心+低评价”的人环境抗争倾向最高,并最有可能采取环境抗争行动。同时,从“弱关心+高评价”“弱关心+低评价”到“强关心+高评价”,农民的环境抗争倾向逐次显著提高,这意味着环境关心的影响相较于政府评价更具决定性。该发现在一定程度上有助于更好地理解集体行动研究情感分析范式中的“理性”与“非理性”两方面心理特征之间的关系。此外,随着乡村现代化的推进,农民环境关心程度必然会不断提高,因此,减少其环境抗争的最直接途径可能还在于提高政府评价,并切实为潜在抗争者提供多样性的制度化参与途径。The peasants’ environmental protest draws much attention from current Chinese sociology. Based on the different combinations of peasants’ environmental concerns(EC) and governmental evaluation(GE), this paper focuses on which people are more likely to identify with and participate in the environmental protest from the theoretical perspective of emotional analysis in collective action studies. By analyzing the data of a social survey in 2017 from Ji County, North China, this paper finds that the peasants with strong EC and low GE, among the four mixed types of EC and GE, have the strongest environmental protest potential, and more likely to take actual environmental protests. Meanwhile, from“weak EC and high GE”and“weak EC and low GE”to“strong EC and high GE”, the peasants’ environmental protest potential also increased significantly one by one. These findings mean that the impact of environmental concern is more decisive than that of governmental evaluation. To a certain extent,the findings contribute to a better understanding of the relationship between“rational”and“irrational”psychological characteristics in the emotional analysis paradigm of collective action studies. In addition, with the advancement of rural modernization, peasants’ environmental concerns will inevitably continue to improve, so the most direct way to reduce their environmental protest may also be to improve governmental evaluation and effectively provide a variety of institutional participation channels for potential opponents.

关 键 词：环境关心 政府评价 环境抗争 集体行动 

分 类 号：X24[环境科学与工程—环境科学] C91[经济管理]