师范生师德培养制度的历史演进——基于近代学制的视角  

Historical Evolution of Moral Cultivation System for Normal Students

作　　者：牛君霞 Niu Junxia(Faculty of Educational Sciences,Sichuan Normal University,Chengdu 610066,China)

机构地区：[1]四川师范大学教育科学学院

出　　处：《四川师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第5期132-139,共8页Journal of Sichuan Normal University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：四川省哲学社会科学重点研究基地四川省教师教育研究中心“固本开新:近代以来中国师范生师德培养制度发展研究”(TER2021-002);四川师范大学2021年度校级教学改革“课程思政”类示范课程“教育学基础”项目(XJ20210921)的研究成果之一。

摘　　要：我国师范生师德培养制度肇端于晚清师范学堂,制度化于1902年的壬寅学制,此后历经癸卯学制、壬子癸丑学制、壬戌学制逐渐成熟并完善。师范生师德培养制度包含入学选拔制度、培养方式制度以及考核评价制度。入学选拔制度通过入学前的保证书制度和入学后的试习制度前后呼应,确保师范生进校前具备良好的师德培养基础。培养方式制度主要以“课程设置”和“活动仪式”双管齐下来孕育师范生师德。考核评价制度分“校内考评”和“校外检定”,两者相辅相成,双层加固,确保迈入学校的每一位“准教师”具备合格的师德。研究发现,近代学制改革思想和性质的演变指导着师范生师德培养制度的变化。师范生师德培养制度在近代学制演变中,建立起注重师范生道德实践能力和“自我技术”培育的基本主线。与此同时,师范生师德培养制度在不同历史时期存在一定的继承性和稳定性。Started in normal schools from the late Qing,China’s moral cultivation system for normal students was institutionalized in 1902 and has been gradually perfected after Guimao School system,Renziguichou school system and Renxu school system.The moral cultivation system for normal students includes admission and selection system,cultivation mode system as well as assessment and evaluation system.The admission and selection system ensures students’good moral foundation by the guarantee system before admission and the trial system after admission.The cultivation mode system mainly nurtures students’morality by curriculum and activities.The assessment system contains both in-school and out-of-school assessment to ensure that every“prospective teacher”has qualified professional ethics.It is found that the evolvement of the thought and nature of modern school system reform guides the evolution of moral cultivation system for normal students.During its evolution,moral cultivation system for normal students has established the basic line of focusing on the cultivation of normal students’moral practical ability and“self-technology”.Moreover,there is inheritance and stability in the moral cultivation system for normal students in different historical periods.

关 键 词：师范生 师德培养制度 近代学制 历史演进 

分 类 号：G651[文化科学—教育学]