非均匀折射率场中光传输现象研究  

RESEARCH ON LIGHT TRANSMISSION IN NON-UNIFORM REFRACTIVE INDEX MEDIUM

作　　者：朱闻睿 梁元昊 王晓杰 王槿[1,2] ZHU Wenrui;LIANG Yuanhao;WANG Xiaojie;WANG Jin(School of Physics,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071;National Demonstration Center for Experimental Physics Education(Nankai University),Tianjin 300071)

机构地区：[1]南开大学物理科学学院,天津300071 [2]基础物理国家级实验教学示范中心(南开大学),天津300071

出　　处：《物理与工程》2022年第4期30-36,共7页Physics and Engineering

基　　金：国家基础科学人才培养基金项目(J1210027);2020高等学校教学研究项目(DJZW202010hb);南开大学本科教育教学改革项目(NKJG2021117)。

摘　　要：海市蜃楼是一种非常有趣的光学现象,其本质是由于光在非均匀折射率介质中传输时发生的折射和全反射现象。本文基于费马原理与拉格朗日方程在理论上推导出了光在非均匀折射场的传输方程。然后通过数值模拟成功复现了光在非均匀折射场中传输的图像与相应蜃景图像。最后,通过实验研究了不同入射角度下光线传输规律和海市蜃景现象,实验结果与理论符合较好,验证了上述理论分析的正确性。The mirage is a very interesting optical phenomenon,which is due to the refraction and total reflection that occurs when light is transmitted in a non-uniform refractive index medium.In this paper,based on the Fermat’s principle and Lagrange’s equation,the transmission equation of light in a non-uniform refraction field is deduced theoretically.Then,through numerical simulation,the images of light transmission in the non-uniform refraction field and the corresponding mirage image were successfully reproduced.Finally,the law of light transmission and mirage phenomena under different incident angles are studied experimentally.The experimental results are in good agreement with the theory,which verifies the correctness of the above theoretical analysis.

关 键 词：非均匀折射率场 光传输 费马原理 拉格朗日方程 

分 类 号：O435.1[机械工程—光学工程]