齿轮三维测量中线结构光测头位姿的优化方法  

Optimization method of probe position and posture of linear structured light in three-dimensional gears measurement

作　　者：石照耀[1] 王涛[2] Shi Zhaoyao;Wang Tao(Bejing Enginering Research Center of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments,Beijing University of Technology,Bejing 100124,China;School of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics,Xiangtan University,Xiangtan 411105,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学北京市精密测控技术与仪器工程技术研究中心,北京100124 [2]湘潭大学机械工程与力学学院,湖南411105

出　　处：《仪器仪表学报》2022年第7期44-53,共10页Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFB2001400);省教育厅科研启动项目(KZ08097)资助。

摘　　要：采用线结构光传感器测量齿轮三维误差,具有快速、全信息和高重复性等特点,但测头与被测齿轮的位姿关系是影响齿轮测量准确度的关键问题。以优化测头与被测齿轮的位姿关系为目标,提出了测头位姿量化评价指标。为验证指标的有效性,进行了同一产品齿轮在不同位姿参数下的测量实验,并与克林贝格P26齿轮测量中心进行对比分析。结果表明,与“陡峭”的常规测量方法相比,本文方法点云密度比Λ指标高33.6%,倾斜比υ指标高30.2%,所测量的齿廓单元更加完整、更符合国际标准ISO1328对数据的要求,齿轮单项误差评定结果也更准确。该方法预估的线结构光传感器的位置和姿态参数,用于齿轮测量前测头位姿的确定,进而提高齿轮测量精度,也为解决陡峭齿面非接触式测量问题的提供了途径。The linear structure light sensor is used to measure the three-dimensional error of the gear, which has advantages of fast, full information, and high repeatability. However, the position and posture relationship between the sensor and the gear under test is the key issue that has influence on the accuracy of gear measurement. To optimize the position and posture relationship between the probe and the gear, the quantitative evaluation index of the position and posture of the sensor is proposed. To evaluate the effectiveness and correctness of the proposed method, measurement experiments of the same gear product of different posture parameters are carried out, and compared and analyzed with the Klingberg P26 gear measurement center. Compared with the conventional measurement method, results show that the point cloud density ratio Λof the optimization method is 33.6% higher than the index, and the inclination ratio υis 30.2% higher than the index. The measured tooth profile unit is more complete and more in line with the data requirements of the international standard ISO1328. The individual gear error evaluation results are also more accurate. By using this method, parameters of the position and posture of the linear structured light sensor are estimated, which are used for gear measurement. Thereby, the accuracy of gear measurement is improved. It provides a way to solve the problem of non-contact measurement of steep tooth surfaces.

关 键 词：齿轮 线结构光 位姿 齿廓单元 三维测量 

分 类 号：TH132.41[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TG741[金属学及工艺—刀具与模具]